Table 1.
World Health Organization groups of first- and second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs.
| Group | Daily dose and comments |
|---|---|
| Group 1: first-line oral antituberculosis drugs | |
| Isoniazid (I) | 5 mg/kg only high-dose INH should be given in M/XDR-TB |
| Rifampicin (R) | 10 mg/kg not indicated |
| Rifabutin (Rbt) | 5 mg/kg may have activity but indication is not clear |
| Ethambutol (E) | 15-25 mg/kg |
| Pyrazinamide (Z) | 30 mg/kg |
| Group 2: fluoroquinolones | |
| Ofloxacin (Ofx) | 15 mg/kg less active than agents below |
| Levofloxacin (Lfx) | 15 mg/kg |
| Moxifloxacin (Mfx) | 7.5-10 mg/kg |
| Group 3: injectable antituberculosis drugs | |
| Streptomycin (S) | 15 mg/kg not recommended for MDR-TB |
| Kanamycin (Km) | 15 mg/kg |
| Amikacin (Am) | 15 mg/kg |
| Capreomycin (Cm) | 15 mg/kg |
| Group 4: less-effective second-line antituberculosis drugs (use all possible drugs if necessary) | |
| Ethionamide/prothionamide (Eto) | 15 mg/kg |
| Cycloserine/Terizidone (Cs) | 15 mg/kg |
| P-aminosalicylic acid (acid salt) (PAS) | 150 mg/kg |
| Group 5: less-effective drugs or drugs on which clinical data are sparse | |
| Linezolid (Lzd) | 600 mg |
| Clofazimine (Cfz) | 110 mg |
| Amoxicillin with clavulanate (Amx/Clv) | 875/125 mg every 12h |
| Imipenem (Ipm/Cln) | 500-1000 mg every 6 h |
| Clarithromycin (Clr) | 500 mg/12 hour |
| High-dose isoniazid (high-dose H) | 10-15 mg/kg good activity in setting of low-level resistance |
| Thioacetazone | 150 mg |