Table 2.
Factors significantly associated with refusal or non-attendance to diagnostic evaluation for tuberculosis at multivariate analysis.
| Phase I | Phase II | Phase III | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Refusal or non-attendance, n/total (%) | MLR-OR, (95% CI) | Refusal or non-attendance, n/total (%) | MLR-OR, (95% CI) | Refusal or non-attendance, n/total (%) | MLR-OR, (95% CI) | |
| Total | 80/176 (45.5) | 62/74 (83.8) | 112/296 (37.8) | |||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 62/143 (43.4) | 1 | 56/68 (82.4) | - | 91/240 (37.9) | 1 |
| Female | 18/33 (54.5) | 1.9 (0.8-4.4) | 6/6 (100.0) | - | 21/56 (37.5) | 1.1 (0.6-2.1) |
| Age each 10-year increase, median (IQR) | 34.8 (28.0-40.3) | 0.7 (0.5-0.9)a | 30.3 (23.4-35.5) | 1.1 (1.0-1.2) | 35.2 (26.8-42.3) | 1.0 (1.0-1.0)a |
| Length of stay in Italy (yrs)* | ||||||
| <2 | 30/65 (46.2) | 25/28 (89.3) | 41/119 (34.5) | |||
| 2+ | 49/106 (46.2) | 30/39 (76.9) | 68/166 (41.0) | |||
| TB incidence rate in the country of origin (/105)° | ||||||
| <25 | 7/11 (63.6) | 1/2 (50.0) | 14/44 (31.8) | |||
| 25-99 | 17/36 (47.2) | 26/33 (78.8) | 39/93 (41.9) | |||
| 100+ | 56/129 (43.4) | 35/39 (89.7) | 59/148 (39.9) | |||
| Occupation* | ||||||
| No/NA | 61/131 (46.6) | - | 93 /241 (38.6) | |||
| Yes | 19/45 (42.2) | - | 19/112 (35.4) | |||
| Legal status* | ||||||
| Regular | 25/90 (27.8) | 1 | - | 15/49 (30.6) | 1 | |
| Irregular | 32/56 (57.1) | 1.9 (0.9-4.0)b | - | 60/139 (43.2) | 1.7 (0.8-3.7) | |
| Asylum seeker/refugee | 52/136 (38.2) | 1.3 (0.3-7.2) | - | 36/94 (38.3) | 1.4 (0.6-7.3) | |
| Place of residence | ||||||
| Apartment | 38/83 (45.8) | 2/2 (100.0) | 90/223 (40.4) | 1 | ||
| Immigration center | 20/40 (45.5) | 5/6 (83.3) | 0 | 0.8 (0.4-1.5) | ||
| Homeless/dormitories | 20/44 (45.5) | 30/35 (85.7) | 21/60 (35.0) | - | ||
| Other/NA | 2/5 (40.0) | 25/31 (80.6) | 1/13 (7.7) | |||
| NHS registration# | ||||||
| No/NA | 67/126 (53.2) | 1 | 31/36 (86.1) | 1 | 76/205 (37.1) | 1 |
| Yes | 13/50 (26.0) | 0.8 (0.2-2.9) | 31/38 (81.6) | 0.9 (0.2-4.5) | 36/91 (39.6) | 0.9 (0.2-4.5) |
| Previous healthcare in Italy | ||||||
| No/NA | 64/125 (51.2) | 1 | 42/47 (89.4) | 1 | 23/61 (37.7) | 1 |
| Yes | 16/51 (31.4) | 0.7 (0.3-1.5) | 20/27 (74.1) | 0.3 (0.1-1.0)b | 89/235 (37.9) | 6.1 (0.6-65.3) |
| Education (yrs) | ||||||
| None/NA | 19/38 (50.0) | 2127 (77.8) | - | |||
| 1-8 | 28/62 (45.2) | 15/17 (88.2) | - | |||
| 9+ | 33/76 (43.4) | 26/30 (86.7) | - | |||
MLR-OR, multivariate-logistic regression odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
aP<0.05
bP<0.10.
*The sum could not add up to the total because of missing values.
°According to WHO estimates (http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/2015/en/index.html).
#Registration with the Italian National Public Health Service.