Table 3.
Cost-effectiveness analyses comparing CVP with selected paediatric vaccination strategies (ages 2–4, 2–10, and 2–17) of LAIV or TIV in addition to current practice and scenario analysis conducted on the base-case model
| Costs (£, thousands)a | Effects (thousands) | ICER (£) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVP+paediatric vaccination | CVP | Δ costs | CVP+paediatric vaccination | CVP | Δ QALYs | (ΔC/ΔQ)b | |
| Current vaccination strategies | |||||||
| CVP+LAIV (2–4 years) vs. CVP | 767,594 | 644,681 | 122,913 | (175) | (184) | 9 | 13,671 |
| CVP+LAIV (2–10 years) vs. CVP | 856,938 | 644,681 | 212,257 | (152) | (184) | 32 | 6,733 |
| Base case (Table 2) | 1,018,602 | 644,681 | 373,921 | (123) | (184) | 60 | 6,208 |
| CVP+TIV (ages 2–4) vs. CVP | 742,604 | 644,681 | 97,923 | (160) | (163) | 3 | 13,268 |
| CVP+TIV (ages 2–10) vs. CVP | 817,594 | 644,681 | 172,913 | (145) | (128) | 18 | 7,290 |
| CVP+TIV (ages 2–17) vs. CVP | 952,864 | 644,681 | 308,184 | (126) | (163) | 37 | 6,898 |
| CVP+LAIV (ages 2–17) vs. CVP+TIV (ages 2–17) | 1,018,602 | 952,864 | 65,737 | (112) | (126) | 13 | 4,226 |
| Scenario analyses (base-case model) | |||||||
| Low season R 0=1.08 | 1,007,113 | 632,107 | 375,006 | (91) | (148) | 57 | 6,586 |
| High season R 0=3.6 | 1,027,975 | 655,098 | 372,877 | (149) | (214) | 64 | 5,791 |
| µn – Influenza A (2 years) Influenza B (12 years) |
1,036,821 | 678,353 | 358,467 | (181) | (297) | 115 | 3,096 |
| Price parity (LAIV=TIV) | 948,019 | 644,681 | 303,339 | (123) | (184) | 51 | 5,036 |
| Cost per vaccine – admin. (LAIV=£0) | 228,120 | 132,968 | 95,152 | (123) | (184) | 95 | 1,580 |
| Efficacy (LAIV=TIV) | 1,023,445 | 644,681 | 378,765 | (139) | (184) | 37 | 8,477 |
An uptake rate of 50% is assumed. Admin., administration; CVP, current vaccination policy; ICER, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; LAIV, live attenuated influenza vaccine; QALY, quality adjusted life years; TIV, trivalent influenza vaccine
a
Discount rates of 3.5% were applied over the 5 year model horizon (including a 1-year model run)
b
Incremental costs divided by incremental QALYs.