Table 1.
Characteristics of Included Studies and Their Populations.
| Study | Study type | Country | Sample size | Diabetes type | Insulin used | Outcomes | Max follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahmann et al10 | RCOES | USA | 405 | 2 | Glargine | HbA1c, HyG, Pref | 40 weeks |
| Asche et al11 | RCAS | USA | 19 882 | 1 & 2 | Aspart | HyG | 1 year |
| Baser et al12 | RCAS | USA | 1064 | NS | Analogues | Adh | 1 year |
| Buysman et al13 | RCAS | USA | 1876 | 2 | NPH, detemir | Adh, Pers | 1 year |
| Cheen et al19 | RCAS | Singapore | 955 | NS | Premixed human and analogue | Adh, Pers | 2 years |
| Coscelli et al20 | RCOES | Italy | 60 | 1 & 2 | NPH, premixed | Hyg | 6 weeks |
| Davis et al14 | RCAS | USA | 3842 | 2 | Glargine | HbA1c, HyG, Pers | 1 year |
| Grabner et al15 | RCAS | USA | 2531 | 2 | Glargine | HbA1c, Hyg, Adh, Pers | 1 year |
| Kadiri et al21 | RCOES | Morocco | 96 | 2 | Premixed | Pref | 12 weeks |
| Korytkowski et al22 | RCOES | USA | 121 | 1 & 2 | Aspart 70/30 | Pref | 4 weeks |
| Lee et al23 | RCAS | USA | 1156 | 2 | Aspart, aspart 70/30 | HyG, Adh | 2 years |
| Lee et al24 | NROPES | Taiwan | 65 | 1 & 2 | NS | QoL | 12 weeks |
| Lee et al16 | RCAS | USA | 829 | 2 | Lispro | HyG, Adh | 2 years |
| Seggelke et al17 | RCOES | USA | 31 | 1 & 2 | Glargine | HbA1c, Pref | 12 weeks |
| Shelmet et al25 | RCOES | USA | 79 | 1 & 2 | NPH, NPH/human insulin | Pref | 6 weeks |
| Xie et al26 | RCAS | USA | 3893 | 2 | Glargine | HbA1c, HyG, Adh, Pers | 1 year |
| Xie et al18 | RCAS | USA | 1308 | 2 | Glargine | HbA1c, HyG, Pers | 1 year |