Table 2.
Overview of included dynamic hand orthoses classified as clinical tool
| Name/ID | Country | Year rangea | ISO abbr. | Reported function | Actuator DOFb | Wrist supportb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HWARD [30] | USA | 2005 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 2 (+1 wrist) | Locked (PS, RUD) Assisted (FE) |
| HIFE [20] | Slovenia | 2006 | FO | general physical therapy | 2 | Locked (PS, FE, RUD) |
| Gentle/G hand device [49] | UK | 2007 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 3 | Locked (FE, RUD) |
| InMotion Hand Robot [89, 128, 129] | USA | 1991–2007 | HdO | post-stroke therapy | 1 | N/A |
| CPM/CAM [130] | Canada | 2008 | HdO | general CPM/CAM | 2 | N/A |
| Fu [90, 131] | China | 2008 | FO | general CPM | 2 | N/A |
| ADLER FES grasp glove [132, 133] | USA | 2007–2009 | HdO | post-stroke therapy | Not clear | Not clear |
| IntelliArm hand module [134, 135] | USA | 2008–2009 | WHFO | post-stroke measurement/therapy | 1 (+2 wrist) | Assisted (PS, FE) Locked (RUD) |
| Sun [72, 136] | China | 2006–2009 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 2 | Limited (PS, FE, RUD) |
| Wang [137–141] | China | 2009–2011 | FO | general physical therapy | 4 | Limited (FE, RUD) |
| Yamaura [142] | Japan | 2009 | FO | general physical therapy | 2 | N/A |
| HenRiE grasp module [143–145] | Slovenia | 2008–2010 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 0 | Locked (FE, RUD) |
| HEXORR [64] | USA | 2010 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 2 | Locked (PS, FE, RUD) |
| PneuGlove [146–148] | USA | 2006–2010 | HdO | post-stroke therapy | 5 | N/A |
| Unluhisarcikli [149] | USA | 2008–2010 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 2 (+1 wrist) | Assisted (PS) |
| ExoHand [21] | Germany | 2012 | WHFO | tele-operation, post-stroke therapy | 8 | Limited (FE, RUD) |
| iHandRehab [91, 137, 150] | China | 2009–2012 | HdO | general physical therapy | 8 | N/A |
| Kim 1 [151] | South Korea | 2013 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 10 | Locked (PS) Limited (FE, RUD) |
| Sooraj [152] | India | 2013 | WHFO | general physical therapy | 5 | Locked (PS, FE, RUD) |
| Amadeo [153–155] | Austria | 2010–2014 | WHFO | general measurement/therapy | 5 | Locked (PS, FE, RUD) |
| AMES hand module [53, 54, 156, 157] | USA | 2009–2014 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 1 (+1 wrist) | Locked (PS, RUD) Assisted (FE) |
| AssistOn-Finger [109, 158] | Turkey | 2009–2014 | FO | tendon injury treatment | 1 | Locked (FE, RUD) |
| Bi [159–161] | China | 2011–2014 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 5 | Locked (FE, RUD) |
| Chan [162] | Malaysia | 2014 | HdO | post-stroke therapy, general assistance | 3 | N/A |
| FINGER [52, 163, 164] | USA | 2011–2014 | FO | post-stroke therapy | 1 | Locked (PS, FE, RUD) |
| HIT-Glove [165–168] | China | 2010–2014 | FO | post-stroke therapy | 6 | N/A |
| Kawasaki [44, 169–172] | Japan | 2004–2014 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 16 (+ 2 wrist) | Assisted (PS, FE) Locked (RUD) |
| King [47, 173, 174] | USA | 2009–2014 | HdO | post-stroke therapy | 7 | N/A |
| PMHand [175] | UK | 2014 | HdO | post-stroke therapy | 1 | N/A |
| ReachMAN2 [106, 176, 177] | UK | 2009–2014 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 1 (+1 wrist) | Assisted (PS) Locked (FE, RUD) |
| Reha-Digit [178–180] | Germany | 2008–2014 | HdO | general CPM | 1 | Limited (PS, FE, RUD) |
| Ushiba [181] | Japan | 2014 | WHFO | post-stroke therapy | 1 | Locked (FE, RUD) |
| IHRG [182–187] | Romania | 2013–2015 | HdO | post-stroke therapy | 4 | N/A |
| READAPT [188–192] | USA | 2008–2015 | WHFO | post-stroke measurement/therapy | 8 (+3 wrist) | Assisted (PS, FE, RUD) |
aYear ranges are determined by the year span between found literature sources and my differ from the actual time of development
b2Actuator DOF = number of individually controlled actuators (zero means fully passive)
cWrist can be assisted, resisted, limited or locked [29] in pronation/supination (PS), flexion/extension (FE) and radial/ulnar deviation (RUD)