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. 2016 Jun 24;11:1413–1424. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S101612

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© 2016 Singh et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Proportion of patients with a first and sustained CID (ITT population).

Notes: A moderate-to-severe exacerbation is defined as an acute worsening of COPD symptoms requiring the use of additional treatment including oral corticosteroids, antibiotics, emergency department treatment, or hospitalization.

Abbreviations: CID, clinically important deterioration; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; ITT, intent-to-treat; SGRQ, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire; TIO, tiotropium; UMEC, umeclidinium; VI, vilanterol.