Table 1. Relationship between population growth rates and climate indices (NAO = North Atlantic Oscillation index; AO = Arctic Oscillation index; NP = North Pacific index) in Fennoscandia and Taymyr.
| NAO | AO | NP | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | Time lag | β | SE | p | R² | O | β | SE | p | R² | O | β | SE | p | R² | O |
| Norway | t | -0.0022 | 0.0057 | 0.7022 | 0.00 | 0 | -0.0017 | 0.0068 | 0.8014 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.0016 | 0.0023 | 0.4813 | 0.01 | 0 |
| t-1 | -0.0129 | 0.0055 | 0.0222 | 0.10 | 0 | -0.0159 | 0.0064 | 0.0166 | 0.12 | 0 | -0.0005 | 0.0022 | 0.8095 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| t-2 | -0.0046 | 0.0060 | 0.4411 | 0.01 | 0 | -0.0036 | 0.0070 | 0.6132 | 0.01 | 0 | -0.0013 | 0.0023 | 0.5620 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Sweden | t | 0.0001 | 0.0075 | 0.9865 | 0.00 | 0 | -0.0016 | 0.0080 | 0.8402 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.0066 | 0.0080 | 0.4134 | 0.02 | 0 |
| t-1 | -0.0038 | 0.0094 | 0.6858 | 0.00 | 0 | -0.0113 | 0.0100 | 0.2664 | 0.04 | 0 | -0.0024 | 0.0028 | 0.3874 | 0.02 | 0 | |
| t-2 | -0.0041 | 0.0085 | 0.6353 | 0.01 | 0 | -0.0113 | 0.0090 | 0.2173 | 0.05 | 0 | 0.0006 | 0.0028 | 0.8188 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Finland | t | 0.0030 | 0.0117 | 0.7954 | 0.00 | 6 | -0.0018 | 0.0114 | 0.8748 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.0016 | 0.0049 | 0.7458 | 0.00 | 6 |
| t-1 | -0.0026 | 0.0118 | 0.8292 | 0.00 | 6 | -0.0024 | 0.0114 | 0.8376 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.0068 | 0.0047 | 0.1576 | 0.03 | 6 | |
| t-2 | -0.0153 | 0.0108 | 0.1626 | 0.03 | 7 | -0.0175 | 0.0112 | 0.1248 | 0.04 | 1 | -0.0024 | 0.0049 | 0.6334 | 0.00 | 6 | |
| Hardangervidda | t | 0.0170 | 0.0442 | 0.7040 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.0213 | 0.0450 | 0.6389 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.0136 | 0.0145 | 0.3543 | 0.03 | 0 |
| t-1 | -0.0036 | 0.0444 | 0.9356 | 0.00 | 0 | -0.0023 | 0.0459 | 0.9607 | 0.00 | 0 | -0.0138 | 0.0150 | 0.3663 | 0.03 | 0 | |
| t-2 | 0.0772 | 0.0397 | 0.0610 | 0.11 | 0 | 0.1049 | 0.0423 | 0.0189 | 0.17 | 0 | 0.0185 | 0.0137 | 0.1884 | 0.06 | 0 | |
| Rondane | t | 0.0056 | 0.0356 | 0.8753 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.0102 | 0.0360 | 0.7792 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.0007 | 0.0152 | 0.9631 | 0.00 | 0 |
| t-1 | -0.0320 | 0.0350 | 0.3698 | 0.03 | 0 | -0.0211 | 0.0355 | 0.5569 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.0055 | 0.0136 | 0.6901 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| t-2 | -0.0547 | 0.0316 | 0.0957 | 0.10 | 0 | -0.0580 | 0.0326 | 0.0872 | 0.11 | 0 | -0.0065 | 0.0134 | 0.6305 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Snøhetta | t | -0.0192 | 0.0421 | 0.6535 | 0.01 | 0 | -0.0246 | 0.0416 | 0.5614 | 0.02 | 0 | -0.0229 | 0.0166 | 0.1851 | 0.09 | 0 |
| t-1 | -0.0111 | 0.0446 | 0.8059 | 0.00 | 0 | -0.0101 | 0.0409 | 0.8076 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.0000 | 0.0153 | 0.9999 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| t-2 | -0.0192 | 0.0500 | 0.7046 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.0057 | 0.0480 | 0.9068 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.0142 | 0.0150 | 0.3528 | 0.05 | 0 | |
| Taymyr | t | 0.0098 | 0.0116 | 0.4112 | 0.05 | 1 | 0.0059 | 0.0116 | 0.6198 | 0.02 | 1 | -0.0026 | 0.0034 | 0.4597 | 0.04 | 1 |
| t-1 | 0.0090 | 0.0119 | 0.4605 | 0.04 | 1 | 0.0137 | 0.0134 | 0.3226 | 0.07 | 1 | 0.0060 | 0.0032 | 0.0833 | 0.20 | 1 | |
| t-2 | 0.0048 | 0.0155 | 0.7599 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.0153 | 0.0160 | 0.3536 | 0.06 | 1 | 0.0019 | 0.0039 | 0.6431 | 0.02 | 1 | |
The Norway, Sweden and Finland populations are semi-domesticated, while all other populations are wild. For a detailed explanation of each variable, see the Methods section. Results are based on univariate regression models. D = semi-domesticated; W = wild; β = regression coefficient; SE = standard error; p = p-value; R² = R-squared; O = outliers. Statistically significant results (p < 0.05) are highlighted in bold. Coefficients with a p-value < 0.10 are underlined.