hAD-BMSCs transfected with siRNA were cultured for 5 days in the presence or absence of OS, and an RT-PCR analysis was performed. GAPDH was used as an internal standard, and the relative expression levelsof BMP2, BMPR1A, BMPR1B, and BMPR2 were normalized to the expression levels of control cells treated with OS alone. The expression levels of BMP2 and BMPR1A were significantly reduced following BST2 knockdown by siRNA (A). The cells were lysed and the proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analyses. The band densities for SMADs 1, 4, and p-SMAD1/5/8 were normalized to those of β-actin and T-SMAD1/5/8. SMAD1, SMAD4 and p-SMAD1/5/8 expression levels were significantly reduced following BST2 knockdown by siRNA (B). Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 4, **P < 0.01 vs. OS-treated controls).