Table 1.
Characteristics of women at enrollment into NISDI for their index pregnancy
| Repeat Pregnancy | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||
|
| |||
| (N = 124) | (N = 1218) | ||
| median (IQR) | median (IQR) | ||
|
| |||
| Maternal age, years | 26 (22–29) | 28 (24–32) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| CD4+ cell count at enrollment, cells/mm3 | 466 (275–620) | 403 (272–581) | 0.14 |
|
| |||
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
|
| |||
| Race: | |||
| White | 78 (11.9) | 578 (88.1) | 0.64 |
| Black | 22 (9.1) | 221 (90.9) | |
| Mestizo | 17 (11.3) | 134 (88.7) | |
| Other | 2 (6.9) | 27 (93.1) | |
| Missing | 5 | 258 | |
| Country: | |||
| Argentina | 50 (16.2) | 259 (83.8) | <0.001 |
| Bahamas | 0 (0.0) | 4 (100) | |
| Brazil | 69 (7.4) | 865 (92.6) | |
| Mexico | 0 (0.0) | 33 ( 100) | |
| Peru | 5 (8.1) | 57 (91.9) | |
| Employment: | |||
| Homemaker/Unemployed/Student | 99 (9.9) | 901 (90.1) | 0.16 |
| Employed Outside Home | 25 (7.3) | 317 (92.7) | |
| Education, years completed: | |||
| 0–6 | 33 (7.8) | 390 (92.2) | 0.26 |
| 7–12 | 82 (9.6) | 769 (90.4) | |
| ≥13 | 9 (13.2) | 59 (86.8) | |
| Marital status: | |||
| Married/Living with partner | 93 (9.4) | 899 (90.6) | 0.83 |
| Divorced/Separated/Single/Widowed | 31 (8.9) | 319 (91.1) | |
| CD4+ cell count at enrollment, cells/mm3: | |||
| <200 | 15 (8.3) | 166 (91.7) | 0.46 |
| 200–499 | 59 (8.7) | 621 (91.3) | |
| ≥500 | 50 (10.7) | 417 (89.3) | |
| Missing | 0 | 14 | |
| Viral load at enrollment, copies/mL: | |||
| <400 | 58 (8.1) | 658 (91.9) | 0.15 |
| ≥400 | 64 (10.5) | 545 (89.5) | |
| Missing | 2 | 15 | |
| HIV class at baseline: | |||
| A | 108 (9.4) | 1040 (90.6) | 0.90 |
| B | 6 (7.4) | 75 (92.6) | |
| C | 10 (8.8) | 103 (91.2) | |
| Alcohol use during index pregnancy: | |||
| Yes | 19 (10.6) | 160 (89.4) | 0.49 |
| No | 102 (8.9) | 1041 (91.1) | |
| Missing | 3 | 17 | |
| Tobacco use during index pregnancy: | |||
| Yes | 31 (8.9) | 319 (91.1) | 0.83 |
| No | 91 (9.3) | 884 (90.7) | |
| Missing | 2 | 15 | |
| Illicit drug use during index pregnancy: | |||
| Yes | 11 (20.8) | 42 (79.2) | 0.007 |
| No | 113 (8.8) | 1176 (91.2) | |
| Mode of infection: | |||
| Heterosexual transmission | 118 (9.2) | 1158 (90.8) | 0.44 |
| Other | 3 (14.3) | 18 (85.7) | |
| Missing | 3 | 42 | |
| ARV use for index pregnancy: | |||
| Prophylaxis | 65 (9.9) | 591 (90.1) | 0.44 |
| Treatment | 55 (8.6) | 585 (91.4) | |
| Missing | 4 | 42 | |
| ARV experienced at enrollment: | |||
| Yes | 78 (8.1) | 884 (91.9) | 0.05 |
| No | 27 (12.5) | 189 (87.5) | |
| Missing | 19 | 145 | |
| Hospitalizations (during pregnancy or up to 6 months postpartum): | |||
| Yes | 20 (15.6) | 108 (84.4) | 0.01 |
| No | 104 (8.6) | 1110 (91.4) | |
| Index birth outcome: | |||
| Live birth | 117 (8.9) | 1192 (91.1) | 0.02 |
| Stillbirth or abortion | 7 (22.6) | 24 (77.4) | |
| Missing | 0 | 2 | |
| Singleton: | |||
| Yes | 123 (9.3) | 1198 (90.7) | 0.71 |
| No | 1 (4.8) | 20 (95.2) | |
| Number of living children: | |||
| 0 | 33 (10.1) | 294 (89.9) | 0.39 |
| 1 | 35 (8.3) | 388 (91.7) | |
| 2 | 22 (7.6) | 266 (92.4) | |
| 3+ | 34 (11.2) | 270 (88.8) | |
| Gravidity: | |||
| 1 | 19 (9.5) | 181 (90.5) | 0.97 |
| 2 | 31 (9.3) | 302 (90.7) | |
| 3+ | 74 (9.1) | 735 (90.9) | |
| Parity: | |||
| 0 | 30 (9.9) | 272 (90.1) | 0.63 |
| 1 | 35 (8.4) | 380 (91.6) | |
| 2 | 24 (8.1) | 272 (91.9) | |
| 3+ | 35 (10.6) | 294 (89.4) | |
ARV – antiretroviral drugs; IQR – interquartile range
p-values obtained from Fisher’s exact test for categorical measures and nonparametric (Mann-Whitney) testing for continuous-scaled measures.