. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: Diabet Med. 2015 Oct 6;33(10):1392–1398. doi: 10.1111/dme.12963

Table 3.

Association of carboxymethyl lysine (CML) with incident diabetes. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3

	HR (95%CI)	p value	HR (95%CI)	p value	HR (95%CI)	p value
Continuous
per 100 ng/ml increase in CML	1.09 (0.93 – 1.28)	0.30	1.26 (1.03 – 1.54)	0.06	1.35 (1.09 – 1.67)	0.02
Categorical
1^st quartile	1	0.33^*	1	0.29^*	1	0.30^*
2^nd quartile	1.34 (0.96 – 1.87)		1.38 (0.93 – 2.06)		1.28 (0.81 – 2.03)
3^rd quartile	1.08 (0.76 – 1.53)		1.17 (0.78 – 1.75)		1.02 (0.63 – 1.64)
4^th quartile	1.23 (0.88 – 1.73)		1.41 (0.94 – 2.14)		1.44 (0.91 – 2.30)

Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, race/centre

Model 2: Model 1 plus parental history of diabetes, BMI, BMI², waist-to-hip ratio; NEFA; oxidized LDL-cholesterol; glomerular filtration rate (CKD-EPI) and smoking (cigarettes/day*years)

Model 3: Model 2 plus inflammation score, adiponectin, leptin, ln-insulin, and glucose (baseline values)

When testing the categorical variable, for an overall association.