Table 4.
Linear mixed models examining correlates of prolonged workplace sitting time (min/8-h day).
| Empty model |
Block 1a |
Block 2b |
Block 3c |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | |
| Intercept | 196.6 (172.96, 220.24) | 200.08 (134.77, 265.40) | 216.87 (138.57, 295.16) | 184.43 (68.93, 299.94) |
| Socio-demographic and health-related | ||||
| Age (years) | 0.66 (− 0.65, 1.97) | 0.86 (− 0.44, 2.17) | 0.83 (− 0.46, 2.12) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male (ref: female) | 16.86 (− 8.72, 42.44) | 17.35 (− 7.89, 42.59) | 17.09 (− 7.91, 42.10) | |
| Marital status | p = 0.100† | p = 0.104† | p = 0.198† | |
| Married/de facto | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Separated/divorced/widowed | − 23.09 (− 55.58, 9.39) | − 22.05 (− 53.87, 9.78) | − 19.41 (− 51.22, 12.41) | |
| Never married | − 29.63 (− 61.18, 1.93) | − 28.76 (− 59.60, 2.09) | − 24.01 (− 54.95, 6.94) | |
| BMI | p = 0.007† | p = 0.002† | p = 0.002† | |
| Healthy (< 25 kg/m2) | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Overweight (25 − < 30 kg/m2) | − 44.66 (− 74.03, − 15.29)** | − 50.90 (− 79.81, − 21.98)** | − 50.00 (− 78.71, − 21.29)** | |
| Obese (≥ 30 kg/m2) | − 37.44 (− 66.99, − 7.89)* | − 40.48 (− 69.47, − 11.48)** | − 40.12 (− 68.96, − 11.28)** | |
| Work-related | ||||
| Occupational category | p = 0.142† | p = 0.148† | ||
| Managers | Ref | Ref | ||
| Professionals/Assoc. Professionals | − 53.92 (− 107.58, − 0.26)* | − 53.50 (− 107.17, 0.16) | ||
| Clerical, sales & services | − 32.76 (− 78.09, 12.58) |
− 33.84 (− 79.63, 11.95) |
||
| Tenure at current workplace | p = 0.005† | p = 0.008† | ||
| < 3 years | 31.06 (− 3.97, 66.09) | 31.49 (− 3.36, 66.33) | ||
| 3–5 years | 53.01 (18.04, 87.98)** | 49.92 (15.12, 84.71)** | ||
| > 5 years | Ref | Ref | ||
| Cognitive-social | ||||
| Perceived behavioral control | − 15.71 (− 34.30, 2.87) | |||
| Perceived organisational norms | 22.93 (− 3.48, 49.34) | |||
| Random effects‡ | ||||
| Worksite (p-value) | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 |
| Variance: worksite (between worksites) | 1402.79 (430.77, 4568.13) | 1498.77(485.61, 4625.70) | 1473.84 (474.87, 4574.33) | 1539.73 (503.76, 4706.16) |
| Variance: residual (within worksite) | 7667.92 (6294.98, 9340.29) | 7080.30 (5813.05, 8623.83) | 6676.80 (5480.36, 8134.45) | 6547.51 (5374.00, 7977.29) |
| ICC | 0.155 (0.051, 0.383) | 0.175 (0.062, 0.404) | 0.181 (0.064, 0.416) | 0.190 (0.069, 0.428) |
| AIC | 2544.94 | 2541.32 | 2537.18 | 2537.65 |
| BIC | 2555.04 | 2571.61 | 2580.94 | 2588.14 |
| P vs previous block | p = 0.016 | p = 0.016 | p = 0.171 |
n = 214; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; †p represents overall significance test for variable, ‡ Worksite specified as a random effect.
Note: ICC – Intracluster correlation coefficient; AIC – Akaike's Information Criterion; BIC – Bayesian Information Criterion. Data were collected in Victoria, Australia in 2012–13.
a
Education, non-work moderate-vigorous physical activity, ethnicity, work smoking status eliminated.
b
Employment status eliminated.
c
Use of self-regulation strategies, desired sitting level, overall stress, job control, workspace satisfaction, barrier self-efficacy, knowledge eliminated.