Table 2.
Prevalence of media device ownership and use in male and female English high school pupils.
| Boys | Girls | χ2p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 54.5% (n = 370) | 45.5% (n = 308) | χ2 = 6.40, p = 0.011 |
| Additional televisiona | 83.4% (n = 312) | 68.6% (n = 210) | χ2 = 20.6, p < 0.001 |
| Blu-ray/DVD playera | 57.1% (n = 212) | 53.0% (n = 168) | χ2 = 0.31, p = 0.164 |
| Additional television receivera | 37.4% (n = 140) | 28.6% (n = 68) | χ2 = 5.80, p < 0.010 |
| Game consolea | 90.4% (n = 336) | 54.0% (n = 168) | χ2 = 107, p = 0.001 |
| Active consolea | 52.2% (n = 194) | 48.1% (n = 148) | χ2 = 0.99, p = 0.360 |
| Desktop computera | 30.1% (n = 112) | 16.4% (n = 50) | χ2 = 17.1, p < 0.001 |
| Laptop computera | 53.8% (n = 200) | 66.7% (n = 204) | χ2 = 11.6, p < 0.001 |
| Tablet computera | 42.8% (n = 160) | 43.5% (n = 134) | χ2 = 0.08, p = 0.825 |
| Smart phonea | 65.8% (n = 245) | 67.5% (n = 208) | χ2 = 0.28, p = 0.625 |
| Other mobile phonea | 41.1% (n = 149) | 47.7% (n = 147) | χ2 = 2.99, p = 0.049 |
| No mobile phone | 10.3% (n = 38) | 5.2% (n = 16) | χ2 = 8.91, p = 0.003 |
| More than one mobile phone | 16.8% (n = 62) | 20.3% (n = 62) | χ2 = 1.37, p = 0.272 |
| Use of social media | 76.2% (n = 282) | 77.8% (n = 240) | χ2 = 0.23, p = 0.648 |
| Continuous measures | Boys |
Girls |
Mann–Whitney U-test |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Mode | Median (IQR) | Mode | ||
| Total media device accessb | 8 (7–10) | 10 | 8 (7–10) | 10 | U = − 2.4, p = 0.017 |
| Total media device ownershipa | 6 (4–7) | 6 | 6 (3–7) | 6 | U = − 3.7, p = 0.002 |
| emails (per day) | 0 (0–10) | 0 | 0 (0–10) | 0 | U = − 0.5, p = 0.550 |
| Instant messages (per day) | 5 (0–20) | 5 | 10 (5–50) | 40 | U = − 4.8, p < 0.001 |
| Text messages (per day) | 10 (5–20) | 5 | 10 (5–20) | 10 | U = − 3.9, p < 0.001 |
| Total messages (per day)c | 20 (5–35) | 10 | 50 (10–80) | 50 | U = − 4.1, p < 0.001 |
| Time using social media (min/day) | 30 (30–60) | 30 | 60 (30–90) | 60 | U = − 3.8, p < 0.001 |
a
Defined as having sole use of a device that is usually kept in participants' bedroom; whether the device was received as a gift or purchased by the participant.
b
Defined as having access to a device shared with other family members.
c
Total messages per day includes sum of all messaging media listed plus any additional messaging behaviours. All data collected in summer term (May–June) 2014 at n = 6 schools, Essex, UK.