Table 2.

Characterization of studies by how environmental factors were measured, the environmental scale of the study, the type(s) of physical activity measured, and which results were expected, unexpected, and/or null.

Article	How environmental factor measured		Environmental scale			Physical activity type				Expected	Unexpected	Null
Objective (O)	Perceived (P)	Micro (Mi)	Meso (Me)	Macro (Ma)	Transport (T)	Recreation (R)	Work (W)	General (G)
Adams et al. (2013)		X		X		X	X			PMeG2 + 6 + 7 + 10 + 12a	PMeG7 + 10b	PMeG2b
Aldinger et al. (2008)	X		X						X	OMiG9 + 10 + 11
Alfonzo et al. (2014)	X	X		X		X	X			OMeT3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 12; OMeR3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 12	PMeG11; PMeR11
An and Zheng (2014)		X	X				X			PMiR2,10
Bauman et al. (2011)	X				X	X	X			OMaW1; OMaT1	OMaR1
Bosdriesz et al. (2012)	X				X	X			X	OMaG1,11,15b
Cerin et al. (2012a)		X		X		X				PMeT2,3,4,6,8,11,12; PMeG2,6,11		PMeT4,7,10; PMeG4,7,10
Cerin et al. (2012b)		X		X			X			PMeR3,4,6,10		PMeR3,4,7,8,9,11
Cerin et al. (2013a)		X		X	2		X			OMeR5,7,8,9,10,11,16		OMeR10
Cerin et al. (2013b)	X			X		X	X			OMeT3,7,10,14	OMeG7; OMeT7	OMeT4,6,8; OMeG4,6,8
Cerin et al. (2014)		X		X					X	PMeG3,9b; PMeG3 + 4 + 7 + 8 + 9 +12b
Ding et al. (2013)		X		X					X	PMeG2,6,10,13	PMeG7
Feng et al. (2014)	X			X		X	X			OMeT11,12; OMeR2,11		OMeT2; OMeR2,12
Jiang et al. (2012)	X			X		X				OMeT7 + 8 + 9	OMeT2,11,12
Li et al. (2006)	X		X	X		X	X			OMeG3,5,6,10; PMeG7		OMeG10,11
Li et al. (2014)		X		X			X					PMeR2,3,4,7,8,9
Monda et al. (2007)	X				X			X		OMaW1
Naess (2009)	X			X		X				OMeT2
Naess (2010)	X			X		X				OMeT2		OMeT2
Naess (2013)		X	X	X	X	X				PMeT2; PMaT11,15	PMeT8
Ng et al. (2009)	X				X	X	X	X		OMaWG1; OMaWG1 + 3 + 11 +12	OMaW3	OMaG11,12
Pan et al. (2009)	X			X		X				OMeT2 + 3 + 4 + 11 + 12		OMeT2 + 3 + 4 + 11 + 12
Pan et al. (2010)	X			X		X				OMeT2,13	OMeT3
Sallis et al. (2009)		X		X					X	PMeG2,6,10,13b; PMeG2 + 6 + 7 + 10 + 11 + 12b		PMeG7,12b
Shan (2014)	X			X		X				OMeT2
Shi et al. (2006)	X				X	X	X	X		OMaG1; OMaW1		OMaR1; OMaW1; OMaG1
Su et al. (2014)		X		X			X			PMeR9,10	PMeR12	PMeR2,4,6,7,8,13; PMeR2 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 11
Van de Poel et al. (2009)	X				X				X	OMaG1
Xu et al. (2009)	X				X		X				OMaR12
Xu et al. (2010)	X				X		X				OMaR12
Yang (2010)	X			X		X				OMeT2		OMeT2
Yang et al. (2010)	X			X		X				OMeT2		OMeT8
Yang et al. (2012)	X				X	X					OMaT11
Zacharias (2007)	X			X		X					OMeT2
Zhang et al. (2011)		X		X					X	PMeG6,8,10,14		PMeG2,4,5,7,8,11,12,16
Zhang et al. (2014a)	X			X					X	OMeG2,3,11,12,13
Zhang et al. (2014b)	X			X					X	OMeG2,3,5,6,12	OMeG3,12
Zhao and Lu (2011)	X			X		X				OMeT3,12		OMeT3
Zhao (2013)	X				X	X				OMaT2,3,4,12	OMaT12
Zhao and Deng (2013)	X			X		X				OMeT11		OMeT2,4
Zhao (2014)	X			X		X				OMeT3,4,13	OMeT3,4	OMeT12
Zhou et al. (2013)		X		X		X	X			PMeT11; PMeR11,12	PMeR4	PMeT3,4,6,9,7,8,10,12,13

^aFindings of composite characterization of built environment are indicated by +.

^bFindings pertain to multiple countries, including China.