Table 2.

Associations between Mediterranean and western dietary scores and outcomes before and after adjusting for co-variates

Diet score and outcome	HR (95% CI) for adverse event for a one point increase in diet scorea	P-value	HR (95% CI) for adverse event for a one point increase in diet score in the fully adjusted modelsb	P-value
MDS >12
MACE	0.93 (0.90, 0.96)	<0.0001	0.95 (0.92, 0.99)	0.007
Myocardial infarction	0.95 (0.90, 0.99)	0.02	0.96 (0.91, 1.01)	0.12
Stroke	0.89 (0.82, 0.97)	0.006	0.91 (0.83, 0.99)	0.02
Cardiovascular death	0.94 (0.89, 0.99)	0.01	0.97 (0.92, 1.03)	0.29
All-cause death	0.93 (0.89, 0.97)	<0.0001	0.96 (0.92, 1.00)	0.06
Other dietary patterns
WDS and MACE	1.00 (0.98, 1.02)	0.36	0.99 (0.97, 1.01)	0.27
MDS ≤12 and MACE	0.99 (0.96, 1.02)	0.62	1.00 (0.98, 1.04)	0.61

The HRs and 95% CIs for MACE and secondary outcomes are reported for a one point increase in each diet score. Because the association between MDS and MACE was non-linear, results are reported separately for MDS ≤12 and >12.

There was no significant difference in HR for secondary outcomes by WDS or MDS ≤12.

MDS, Mediterranean diet score; WDS, Western diet score; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke.

^aAdjusted for treatment group (darapladib or placebo) only.

^bAdjusted for treatment group, age, sex, smoking, markers of disease severity (prior myocardial infarction, prior coronary revascularization, multi-vessel disease confirmed by angiography, polyvascular disease, and eGFR <60 ml/min/m²), CV risk factors (history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, HDL and LDL cholesterol, body mass index, and total self-reported physical activity), geographic region, World Bank Country income level, and education. Hazard ratios for MDS included adjustment for WDS and HRs for WDS included adjustment for MDS.