Table 4.

Association between ceramides and cardiovascular death in SPUM-ACS^a

	Univariate model		Multivariableb model 1b		Multivariablec model 2c
	Hazard ratiod (95% CI)	P-value	Hazard ratiod (95% CI)	P-value	Hazard ratiod (95% CI)	P-value
Cer(d18:1/16:0)/Cer(d18:1/24:0)	1.81 (1.52–2.14)	<0.001	1.82 (1.51–2.21)	<0.001	1.69 (1.39–2.06)	<0.001
Cer(d18:1/18:0)/Cer(d18:1/24:0)	1.66 (1.43–1.96)	<0.001	1.65 (1.39–1.97)	<0.001	1.48 (1.24–1.76)	<0.001
Cer(d18:1/24:1)/Cer(d18:1/24:0)	1.74 (1.45–2.08)	<0.001	1.77 (1.44–2.17)	<0.001	1.64 (1.32–2.03)	<0.001
Cer(d18:1/16:0)e	1.45 (1.10–1.93)	0.010	1.96 (1.45–2.66)	<0.001	1.98 (1.49–2.62)	<0.001
Cer(d18:1/18:0)e	1.43 (1.07–1.90)	0.015	1.77 (1.31–2.38)	<0.001	1.66 (1.26–2.20)	<0.001
Cer(d18:1/24:0)e	0.66 (0.51–0.87)	0.003	0.74 (0.52–1.05)	0.090	0.91 (0.65–1.29)	0.609
Cer(d18:1/24:1)e	1.23 (0.93–1.63)	0.154	1.74 (1.25–2.42)	0.001	1.73 (1.27–2.36)	<0.001

Cer denotes ceramide.

^aCV death denotes death from MI, stroke, and heart failure.

^bThe model was adjusted for TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C.

^cThe model was adjusted as for model 1 with additional adjustment for the Grace score (Killip class, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, age, creatinine, cardiac arrest at admission, ST-segment deviation, and elevated cardiac enzyme levels).

^dHazard ratios are for one standard deviation increase.

^eNatural logarithm of the ceramides.