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. 2016 Jun 30;9:375. doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1660-9

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Bacterial loads in fourth instar gnotobiotic larvae colonized by a single bacterium and conventionally reared (non-sterile) fourth instars as measured by plate counts. Each gnotobiotic treatment and the conventionally reared (non-sterile) control are indicated on the X-axis. A minimum of 4 individuals was assayed per treatment. Bars indicate mean bacteria per larva with 95 % confidence intervals. Bacterial loads overall significantly differed among treatments for Aedes aegypti (ANOVA: F _(5,18) = 13.9, P < 0.0001) and A. atropalpus (ANOVA: F _(5,34) = 12.4, P < 0.0001). Asterisks (*) indicate treatments that significantly differ from conventionally reared larvae as determined by a post hoc Dunnett’s test (P < 0.01)