Table 5.

Rapid estrogen actions involving signaling systems.

Signaling system involved	Number of cases	Estrogenic agents	Doses	Ion channels	Effects	Ref's
cGMP-PKG-NO	11	E2 (10); Tmx (1); gisenoside Re (2); E2=E-HRP (2); E2=DES=BPA (1)	all in nM	[Ca²⁺]_i (3); BK (5); KATP (3); Ca²⁺ oscillation (1); Ks (1).	↑ (7); ↓ (7).	[28, 39, 49, 52, 56, 67, 86, 154, 155].
MAPK-ERK1/2-CREB	7	E2 (3); E2=E-BSA (1); E-BSA-TITC (1); E2=G-1=PPT (1); ICI 182780 (1)	10 to 100 nM	Ca-L (3); [Ca²⁺]_i (1); BK (1); P2X3 (1); ASIC (1).	↑ (4); ↓ (2); other (1).	[33, 65, 120, 123, 166, 189, 193].
cAMP	7	E2 (4); E2=G-1=PPT (1); E-BSA (1); DES (1).	10 pM to 100 nM	Ca: Ca-L, Cav; K: BK, KATP, K; Ligand-gated: AMPA/KAR, P2X3.	↑ (5); ↓ (2).	[34, 53, 82, 113, 160, 181, 189].
G-proteins; G-proteins/PLC	8	E2 (3); E2=E-BSA (5); E2=E-BSA=STX (1)	nM (5); mM (3).	Ca: Ca-L, Ca-T, Cav, [Ca²⁺]_i; K: K, Kir; Ligand-gated: KAR.	↑ (4); ↓ (4).	[18, 22, 23, 96, 113, 146, 161, 179].
PIP2	3	Tmx (1); Tmx=4OH Tmx=Raloxifen (1); Tmx=4OH Tmx (1).	nM to mM.	Kir (1); KATP (1); GIRK (1).	↓ (3)	[94, 105]
PKA	5	E2 (3); E2=G-1 (1); E2=G-1=PPT (1).	10-100 nM	BK (1); [Ca²⁺]_i (1); AMPA/KAR (1); P2X3 (1); Nav (1).	↑ (4); ↓ (1).	[53, 166, 171, 181, 189].
PKC	4	E2 (3); E2=E-BSA (1);	1-100 nM	Ca (1); [Ca²⁺]_i (2); Cl (1).	↑ (3); ↓ (1).	[18, 166, 167, 176].
PKA and PKC	9	E2 (6); E2=E-BSA (2); BPA (1).	nM (5); mM (2).	[Ca²⁺]_i (3); Ca HVA (1); KATP (1); KCNQ1 (1); GIRK (1); Na (2).	↑ (4); ↓ (4); other (1).	[18, 31, 89, 101, 111, 149, 150, 166, 173].
Misc	5	E2 (1); E2=E-BSA (3); CEE (1).	nM (2); mM (1).	[Ca²⁺]_i (1); Cav (1); NMDA (2).	↑ (3); ↓ (2).	[11, 19, 25, 145, 186].