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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 29.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2016 Jun 29;534(7609):688–692. doi: 10.1038/nature18601

Figure 4. BF-lHb does not initiate attack but modulates aggression severity.

Figure 4

(a) Schematic of optogenetic (a) viral infection strategy and (b) aggression procedure. NON (c) attack latency, (d) attack duration, (e) social exploration and (f) non-social exploration behaviors in pretest and test sessions (non-significant, n = 7–8/group). AGG (g) attack latency (F2,42 = 6.01, two-way ANOVA P <0.001, *P<0.05, n = 7–9/group), (h) attack duration (F2,42 = 5.666, two-way ANOVA P <0.001, *P<0.05, n = 7–9/group), (i) social exploration and (j) non-social exploration behaviors in pretest and test sessions. NON, non-aggressor; AGG, aggressor; lHb, lateral habenula; BF, basal forebrain.