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. 2016 Jul 1;24(4):410–417. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2015.153

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Copyright ©2016, The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 2. — Effects of quercetin and its glycosides on I_ACh in oocytes expressing human α7 nAChRs. (A–B) Acetylcholine (ACh; 200 μM) was applied first, followed by co- or pre-application of quercetin (Que) or quercetin glycosides (Rham1, Rutin, Rham2) and ACh. Co-application of 100 μM quercetin with ACh enhanced I_ACh and pre-application of 100 μM quercetin with ACh further enhanced I_ACh. Whereas, co-application of 100 μM of quercetin glycosides with ACh inhibited I_ACh and pre-application of 100 μM quercetin glycosides with ACh further inhibited I_ACh. Traces represent six separate oocytes from three different batches of frogs. (C) Summary of I_ACh enhancement by co- or pre-application of quercetin (^*p<0.05, ^**p<0.005 compared to the control; ^#p<0.005, compared to the co-application of quercetin). Each point represents the means ± S.E.M. (n=9–12/group).