Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
| Variable | Total patients (N = 786) | Patients with GERD (n = 107) | Patients without GERD (n = 679) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 75.2 ± 10.3 | 75.2 ± 9.9 | 75.1 ± 10.3 | 0.945 |
| Sex (male) | 559 (71.1) | 78 (72.9) | 481 (70.8) | 0.662 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.6 ± 3.9 | 22.5 ± 3.8 | 22.6 ± 4.0 | 0.849 |
| Duration of follow-up (yr) | 2.6 ± 2.8 | 3.9 ± 2.9 | 2.3 ± 2.8 | < 0.001a |
| Initial FVC (% predicted) | 84.0 ± 20.5 | 89.3 ± 19.8 | 83.0 ± 20.5 | 0.006a |
| Duration of PPI (wk) | 24.5 ± 54.5 | 47.9 ± 88.9 | 15.1 ± 26.8 | 0.001a |
| Alcohol consumption | 195 (37.2) | 29 (36.3) | 166 (37.4) | 0.846 |
| Smoking history | 269 (65.9) | 43 (62.3) | 226 (66.7) | 0.487 |
| Medication history | ||||
| Acetylcysteine | 385 (49.0) | 67 (62.6) | 318 (46.8) | 0.002a |
| Prednisolone | 294 (37.4) | 40 (37.4) | 254 (37.4) | 0.996 |
| Azathioprine | 128 (16.3) | 16 (15.0) | 112 (16.5) | 0.688 |
| Tiotropium | 46 (5.9) | 8 (7.5) | 38 (5.6) | 0.441 |
| ICS/LABA | 42 (5.3) | 5 (4.7) | 37 (5.4) | 0.740 |
| Warfarin | 26 (3.3) | 4 (3.7) | 22 (3.2) | 0.771 |
| Sildenafil | 19 (2.4) | 7 (6.5) | 12 (1.8) | 0.009a |
| EGD | 198 (25.2) | 84 (78.5) | 114 (16.8) | < 0.001a |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 55/198 (27.8) | 26/84 (31.0) | 29/114 (25.4) | 0.392 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| HTN | 143 (18.2) | 32 (29.9) | 111 (16.3) | 0.001a |
| DM | 125 (15.9) | 22 (20.6) | 103 (15.2) | 0.156 |
| Angina | 74 (9.4) | 18 (16.8) | 56 (8.2) | 0.005a |
| CKD | 11 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (1.6) | 0.377 |
| LC | 6 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (0.9) | 1.000 |
| Pulmonary HTN | 6 (0.8) | 1 (0.9) | 5 (0.7) | 0.586 |
a
P-value was below 0.05.
GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; BMI, body mass index; FVC, forced vital capacity; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; ICS/LABA, inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting beta2-agonists; EGD, esophagogastroduodenoscopy; HTN, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; CKD, chronic kidney disease; LC, liver cirrhosis.
Data are presented as mean ± SD or number (%).