Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Radiol. 2016 Mar 2;71(8):779–795. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.01.011

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

3D venous and arterial flow visualisation from 4D flow MRI for a patient with Fontan circulation. Venous return from the bilateral superior venae cavae (SVCs) and the inferior vena cava (IVC) flows to the right and left pulmonary arteries (RPA, LPA) by way of the Fontan connection, a surgically created vascular connection that directly routes venous return to the right and left lungs. Surrounding vessels of interest are shown in grey and include the aorta and pulmonary veins. Time-resolved path lines are colour-coded by vessel of origin: flow from the right and left SVCs (RSVC, LSVC) is shown in blue and flow from the IVC is shown in yellow. These results provide information regarding complex flow patterns and flow distribution, including the identification of vortex flow and the quantification of hepatic (or IVC) flow distribution to the RPA (88%) and LPA (12%).