Table 2.
Comparison of biochemical characteristics between GDM and NTD groups
| Variables | GDM group (n = 45) | NGT group (n = 45) | P1 | P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting Blood glucose (mg/dl) | 93.48 ± 10.55 | 78.77 ± 7.09 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Fasting Blood Insulin (mcIU/ml) | 8.40 ± 3.54 | 8.12 ± 2.88 | 0.677 | 0.917 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.95 ± 0.94 | 1.56 ± 0.56 | 0.022 | 0.132 |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 39.67 ± 25.15 | 29.54 ± 23.97 | 0.059 | 0.367 |
| hs-CRP (mcg/ml) | 8.02 ± 2.89 | 6.26 ± 3.48 | 0.011 | 0.171 |
| 25(OH)D (ng/ml) | 13.46 ± 5.18 | 16.97 ± 5.56 | 0.003 | 0.034 |
All data were expressed as mean ± SD. P1 were resulted from independent sample t-test and P2 were resulted from ANCOVA in the adjusted models (adjusted for age, family history of T2DM and previous GDM history, pre pregnancy BMI, weight at 20-30 weeks of gestation and number of pregnancy). GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; NGT: normal glucose tolerance; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor–alpha; hs-CRP: high sensitive- C reactive protein.