Table 1.
Clinicopathological factors according to time of recurrence
| p Values | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early recurrence (n = 184) | Late recurrence (n = 134) | No recurrence (n = 321) | Early vs no recurrence | Late vs no recurrence | Early vs late recurrence | |
| Age, years | ||||||
| ≤ 50 | 82 (44.57) | 49 (36.57) | 120 (37.38) | 0.113 | 0.869 | 0.151 |
| > 50 | 102 (55.43) | 85 (63.43) | 201 (62.62) | |||
| Menopausal status | ||||||
| Postmenopausal | 90 (48.91) | 81 (60.45) | 171 (53.27) | 0.345 | 0.159 | 0.041 |
| Premenopausal | 94 (51.09) | 53 (39.55) | 150 (46.73) | |||
| Bilateral breast cancer | ||||||
| Absent | 169 (91.85) | 121 (90.30) | 319 (99.38) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.631 |
| Present | 15 (8.15) | 13 (9.70) | 2 (0.62) | |||
| Tumor size, mm | ||||||
| ≤ 20 | 49 (26.63) | 44 (32.84) | 187 (58.26) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.23 |
| > 20 | 135 (73.37) | 90 (67.16) | 134 (41.74) | |||
| Nodal metastasis | ||||||
| Negative | 93 (50.54) | 79 (58.96) | 267 (83.18) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.136 |
| Positive | 91 (49.46) | 55 (41.04) | 54 (16.82) | |||
| Histological type | ||||||
| IDC-NST | 171 (92.93) | 124 (92.54) | 297 (92.52) | 0.864 | 0.995 | 0.892 |
| Others | 13 (7.07) | 10 (7.46) | 24 (7.48) | |||
| Estrogen receptor staining | ||||||
| < 10 % | 16 (8.70) | 10 (7.46) | 27 (8.41) | 0.396 | 0.367 | 0.915 |
| 10–50 % | 57 (30.98) | 43 (32.09) | 82 (25.55) | |||
| ≥ 50 % | 111 (60.33) | 81 (60.45) | 212 (66.04) | |||
| Progesterone receptor staining | ||||||
| ≤ 20 % | 85 (46.20) | 59 (44.03) | 133 (41.43) | 0.298 | 0.609 | 0.701 |
| > 20 % | 99 (53.80) | 75 (55.97) | 188 (58.57) | |||
| Tumor grade | ||||||
| 1 or 2 | 131 (71.20) | 106 (79.10) | 278 (86.60) | <0.001 | 0.049 | 0.107 |
| 3 | 53 (28.80) | 28 (20.90) | 43 (13.40) | |||
| Ki-67 staining | ||||||
| ≤ 20 % | 136 (73.91) | 114 (85.07) | 265 82.55) | 0.022 | 0.507 | 0.014 |
| > 20 % | 48 (26.09) | 20 (14.93) | 56 (17.45) | |||
| Local recurrence | ||||||
| Absent | 136 (78.61) | 96 (71.64) | 0 | |||
| Present | 37 (21.39) | 38 (28.36) | 0 | |||
| Surgical treatment | ||||||
| Total mastectomy | 117 (63.59) | 78 (58.21) | 106 (33.02) | 0.076 | <0.001 | 0.331 |
| Partial mastectomy | 67 (36.41) | 56 (41.79) | 215 (66.98) | |||
| Radiation therapy | ||||||
| Absent | 100 (54.35) | 92 (68.66) | 149 (46.42) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.009 |
| Present | 84 (45.65) | 42 (31.34) | 172 (53.58) | |||
| Adjuvant treatment | ||||||
| None | 13 (7.07) | 4 (2.99) | 30 (9.35) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.021 |
| Chemotherapy only | 19 (10.33) | 6 (4.48) | 7 (2.18) | |||
| Endocrine therapy only | 53 (28.80) | 55 (41.04) | 180 (56.07) | |||
| Combined therapy | 99 (53.80) | 69 (51.49) | 104 (32.40) | |||
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | ||||||
| Absent | 168 (91.30) | 131 (97.76) | 305 (95.31) | 0.076 | 0.198 | 0.011 |
| Present | 16 (8.70) | 3 (2.24) | 15 (4.69) | |||
| Chemotherapy | ||||||
| A + T | 54 (29.35) | 22 (16.42) | 42 (13.08) | |||
| A | 39 (21.20) | 31 (23.13) | 40 (12.46) | |||
| T | 6 (3.26) | 7 (5.22) | 13 (4.05) | |||
| CMF | 17 (9.24) | 12 (8.96) | 13 (4.05) | |||
| Other | 2 (1.09) | 3 (2.24) | 3 (0.93) | |||
| None | 66 (35.87) | 59 (44.03) | 210 (65.42) | |||
| Endocrine therapy | ||||||
| TAM | 61 (33.15) | 34 (25.37) | 68 (21.18) | |||
| TAM + LHRH | 30 (16.30) | 18 (13.43) | 35 (10.90) | |||
| TAM → AI | 16 (8.70) | 36 (26.87) | 72 (22.43) | |||
| TAM + LHRH → AI | 1 (0.54) | 3 (2.24) | 15 (4.67) | |||
| AI | 39 (21.20) | 27 (20.15) | 87 (27.10) | |||
| LHRH | 5 (2.72) | 6 (4.48) | 7 (2.18) | |||
| None | 32 (17.39) | 10 (7.46) | 37 (11.53) | |||
Abbreviations: IDC-NST invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type, A + T anthracycline and taxane, A anthracycline, T taxane, CMF cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil, TAM tamoxifen, TAM + LHRH tamoxifen and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, TAM → AI tamoxifen followed by aromatase inhibitor, TAM + LHRH → AI tamoxifen and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone followed by aromatase inhibitor, AI aromatase inhibitor, LHRH luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone