Table 3.
A review of mean (±SD) or median (IQR) values for the saccharine transit time in nonsmokers, passive smokers, current smokers and ex-smokers.
| Authors | N Subjects | Age (years) | Smoking habit (pack-year) | STT (min) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stanley et al. 1986 (3) | Total n=27 | 33 | Nonsmokers | 11.1±3.8 |
| Smokers | 20.8±9.3* | |||
| Alfaro-Monge & Soda-Merhy 1995 (33) | Total n=100 | Nonsmokers | 10.3 | |
| Smokers | 13.6* | |||
| Nakagawa et al. 2005 (5) | Total n=16 | 32±14 | Nonsmokers | 10.5 |
| Smokers | 22.0* | |||
| Karaman & Tek 2009 (4) | Nonsmokers n=20 | 18-57 | Nonsmokers | 12.1±1.9 |
| Smokers n=20 | Smokers > 1 | 26.4±1.8* | ||
| Piotrowska et al. 2010 (32) | Nonsmokers n=21 | 59 ± 9 | Nonsmokers | 9.9±0.5 |
| COPD n=42 | 50-84 | COPD Smokers: 35.8±13.7 | 16.3±1.6* | |
| COPD Ex-smokers | 11.2±0.5 | |||
| Ramos et al. 2011 (34) | Nonsmokers n=33 | 52±14 | Nonsmokers | 8 (7-13) |
| Smokers n=33 | 49±12 | Smokers: 44±25 | 13 (8-25)* | |
| Ito et al. 2015 (35) | Nonsmokers n=26 | 60±11 | Nonsmokers | 8 (6-16) |
| Smokers n=27 | 62±8 | Smokers: 38.8±27.6 | 15.9 (10-27)* | |
| COPD Ex-smokers n=23 | 58±8 | COPD Ex-smokers: 31.5±24.8 | 9.7 (6-12) | |
| COPD Smokers n=17 | 61±6 | COPD Smokers: 39.9±21.4 | 16.5 (11-28)* | |
| Littlejohn et al. 1992 (27) | Total n=10 | > 18 | Smokers | 11.7±3.3 |
| Mahakit & Pumhirun, 1995 (28) | Total n=40 | Nonsmokers | 12.0 | |
| Smokers | 12.4±3.0 | |||
| Proença et al. 2012 (30) | Nonsmokers n=30 | 49 (44-5) | Nonsmokers | 8 (8-11) |
| Smokers n=52 | 50 (43-50) | Smokers: 62 (36-78) | 10 (10-13) | |
| Light n=17 | 51 (41-54) | Light: 23 (23-36) | 9 (7-11) | |
| Moderate n=22 | 47 (38-49) | Moderate: 15 (13-23) | 13 (11-17) | |
| Heavy n=13 | 50 (41-57) | Heavy: 25 (19-30) | 13 (10-21) | |
| Habesoglu et al. 2012 (29) | Nonsmokers n=15 | 28±11 | Nonsmokers | 6.4±1.6 |
| Passive smokers n=15 | 29±12 | Passive smokers: | 12.6±4.7* | |
| < 10 cigarettes/day | 9.3±4.7 | |||
| >10 cigarettes/day | 15.5±2.0 | |||
| Active smokers n=17 | 28±11 | Active smokers | 23.6±12.4* | |
| < 10 cigarettes/day | 11.0±3.5 | |||
| 10-20 cigarettes/day | 24.3±3.0 | |||
| >20 cigarettes/day | 35.0±14.9 | |||
| Nicola et al. 2014 (7) | Nonsmokers n=32 | 21±4 | 7.7±4.1 | |
| Smokers n=40 | 19±1 | Healthy smokers: < 2,5 | 5.7±3.4* | |
| 24±5 | Healthy smokers: > 2,5 | 5.9±2.9* | ||
| Pagliuca et al. 2015 (8) | Nonsmokers n=30 | 53±6 | 11.7 | |
| Ex-smokers n=30 | 51±7 | Ex-smokers: 25±8 cigarettes/day | 11.8 | |
| Smokers n=3 | 52±6 | Smokers: 25±6 cigarettes/day | 15.6 | |
| Utiyama et al. 2016 | Ex-smokers n-=20 | 51±9 | Ex-smokers: 40±27 | 8.2±3.1 |
| Smokers n=13 | 52±10 | Smokers: 45±28 | 17.9±10.1* |
*
p<0.05 vs. nonsmokers