. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Diabetologia. 2016 May 16;59(8):1659–1665. doi: 10.1007/s00125-016-3969-5

Table 2.

Association of CRF change from young adulthood to middle age with development of prediabetes/diabetes by middle age


CRF	Model 1^a		Model 2^b

	HR (95% CI)	p value	HR (95% CI)	p value

CRF (per 1 MET increment)	0.99898 (0.99861, 0.99940)	<0.01	0.99872 (0.99840, 0.99904)	<0.01

Model 1 included age, race, sex, field centre, CRF (measured in METs, time-varying at Y0, Y7 [when available] and Y20) and BMI (time-varying at all time points)

Model 2 as for Model 1, additionally including the following Y0 variables: smoking, energy intake, alcohol intake, education, SBP, medication for blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol levels and HDL-cholesterol levels