Table 5.

Compositions of herbal medicines and adverse events in the included RCTs.

Intervention	Study ID	Compositions	Formulation	Adverse events
Dia-No	Agrawal et al., 2008 [13]	Syzygium cumini 20%, Gymnema sylvestre 20%, Trigonella foenumgraecum 14%, Emblica officinalis 10%, Azadirachta indica 7%, Cassia auriculata 7%, Tribulus terrestris 7%, Andrographis paniculata 5%, Pterocarpus marsupium 5%, and Momordica charantia 5%	Tablet	Nausea 2, vomiting 1, loss of appetite 2, and burning epigastrium 1 in intervention group
Yiqi Huaju Recipe	Chen et al., 2014 [14]	Astragalus membranaceus, Coptis chinensis, Typha orientalis, Alisma canaliculatum, Artemisia capillaris, and so forth	Decoction	Skin hypersensitivity 2 in intervention group
Daotan decoction	Zhang et al., 2014 [15]	Pinellia ternata 10 g, Arisaema erubescens Schott 5 g, Citrus reticulata 10 g, Citrus sinensis 10 g, Poria cocos 15 g, Zingiber officinale 5 g, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis 5 g	Decoction	Not reported
Gegen Shanzha decoction	Xu et al., 2014 [16]	Pueraria montana and Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge each 10~20 g (1 : 1)	Decoction	Not reported
Xuefu Zhuyu decoction	Li, 2014 [17]	Prunus persica (L.) Batsch 9 g Carthamus tinctorius 9 g, Rehmannia glutinosa 9 g, Ligusticum officinale Kitag. 5 g, Angelica sinensis 9 g, Paeonia lactiflora Pallas 6 g, Achyranthes japonica Nakai 9 g, Platycodon grandiflorum 5 g, Bupleurum falcatum 3 g, Citrus aurantium L. 6 g, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis 3 g	Decoction	Not reported
Qinggan Jiangtang tablet	Wang et al., 2005 [18]	Bupleurum falcatum 8 g, Gardenia jasminoides 10 g, Coptis chinensis 4 g, Scutellaria baicalensis 8 g, Rehmannia glutinosa 15 g, Lilium longiflorum 20 g, Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge 10 g, pollen 20 g, Gastrodia elata Blume 10 g, and Cassia occidentalis L. 20 g	Tablet	Not reported
Modified Banxia Baizhu Tianma decoction	Liu et al., 2008 [19]	Pinellia ternata 9 g, Gastrodia elata Blume 6 g, Pueraria montana 20 g, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi 15 g, Alisma canaliculatum 30 g, Pleuropterus multlforus 15 g, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge 15 g, Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix 25 g, Astragalus membranaceus 30 g, Poria cocos 15 g, Cassia obtusifolia L. 15 g, and Citrus reticulata 10 g,	Decoction	Not reported
Pinggan Jiangya pill	Zhang et al., 2010 [20]	Prunella vulgaris 24 g, Uncaria rhynchophylla 20 g, Saiga tataria L. 2 g, Folium ilicis (Kuding tea) 10 g, Sophora japonica L. 10 g, Pteria martensii 30 g, Tribulus terrestris L. 20 g, magnetitum 20 g, Scutellaria baicalensis 15 g, Cassia obtusifolia L. 20 g, Achyranthes japonica Nakai 15 g	Pill	Facial flush 4 in control group
Huanglian Wendan decoction	Guan et al., 2012 [21]	Coptis chinensis, Pinellia ternata, Citrus reticulata, Poria cocos, Pueraria montana, Cassia obtusifolia L., Astragalus membranaceus, Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb. et Zucc., Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis	Decoction	Gastrointestinal disorder 1 in intervention group, abdominal pain and vomiting 4, and weakness 1 in control group
Xueguan Ruanhua decoction	Dong, 2012 [22]	Taxillus chinensis, Apocynum cannabinum, Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora Pallas, Ligusticum officinale Kitag., Gastrodia elata Blume, Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix, Vitex rotundifolia L., Chrysanthemum morifolium, Hirudo nipponica Whitman, mulberry leaf, Coptis chinensis, Pueraria montana, Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don, and so forth	Decoction	Nausea and vomiting 2, hypoglycemia 1, and hypotension 3 in control group
Shengjiangtongmai powder	Cui and Wie, 2014 [23]	Bombyx mori 10 g, Cryptotympana coreana 10 g, Curcuma longa 9 g, Rheum palmatum 12 g, Coptis chinensis 6 g, Panax quinquefolius 25 g, Atractylodes japonica 15 g, Pinellia ternata 12 g, Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.15 g	Decoction	Not reported
Shenling Jianpihuashi decoction	Danyang Zhao and Danun Zhao, 2015 [24]	Codonopsis tangshen Oliver 15 g, Astragalus membranaceus 15 g, Poria cocos 15 g, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi 15 g, Dioscorea opposita 15 g, Coixlachrymajobi var. mayuen 15 g, Amomum xanthioides 6 g, Nelumbo nucifera 10 g, Alisma canaliculatum 15 g, and Panax notoginseng 3 g	Decoction	Gastrointestinal disorder 2 in control group