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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 10.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Ophthalmol. 2015 Dec 17;26(4):328–337. doi: 10.5301/ejo.5000706

Table 1.

Prevalence of risk factors and complications in study population.

Preoperative Risk Factors N (%)1 Complication N (%)*
  Age (by half-decade) Intraoperative Complications
    40–45 years   Complex surgery3 768 9
    46–50 years   Posterior capsular tear 35 0
    51–55 years   Dropped nucleus or retained lens material 76 1
    56–60 years   Unplanned anterior vitrectomy 128 2
    61–65 years   Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS) or iris
damage		 49 1
    66–70 years   Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage 1 0
    71–75 years   Any Intraoperative Complication4 214 3
    76–80 years
    81–85 years Short-term Postoperative Complications (within 90 days)
    ≥86 years   Endophthalmitis 82 1
  Gender   Glaucoma or ocular hypertension 175 2
    Male 3464 (41)   Pars plana vitrectomy/lensectomy 107 1
    Female 4918 (59)   Retinal tear/detachment 107 1
  Race/Ethnicity   Corneal edema 81 1
    Caucasian 5715 (68)   Wound leak 39 0
    Asian 948 (11)   Intraocular lens subluxation 13 0
    Hispanic 298 (4)
    Black 245 (3) Long-term Postoperative Complications (within 1 year)
    Other/Unknown 1176 (14)   Posterior capsule opacification/YAG capsulotomy 406 5
  Myopia 936 11   Cystoid macular edema 160 2
  Hyperopia 362 4   Post-cataract refractive surgery 277 3
  Diabetes mellitus 2750 33   Intraocular lens exchange or repositioning, or
secondary intraocular lens		 123 2
  Age-related macular
degeneration		 844 10
  Glaucoma 2003 24 Aggregated Postoperative Complications
  History of uveitis (or
posterior synechiae)		 244 3   Any lens-related complication5 896 11
  History of eye trauma 172 2   Any postoperative complication6 692 8
  History of retinal
tear/detachment		 1158 14   Any posterior segment complications7 237 3
  History of steroid use
(systemic or ocular)		 563 7   Any anterior segment complication8 233 3
  History of alpha-blocker
use		 436 5   Any intraocular lens malfunction9 116 1
  Fuch's endothelial
dystrophy		 91 1
  Prior refractive surgery 389 5
  Prior vitrectomy 486 6
  Other prior intraocular
surgery		 367 4
  Intravitreal injection 248 3
  Pseudoexfoliation 995 12
  Corneal scarring or
significant corneal arcus		 381 5
  Corneal Edema 80 1
  Nystagmus 192 2
  Lens Subluxation 85 1
  Surgery on both eyes2 2829 51
1)

Out of 5549 unique individuals

2)

Not considered as a risk factor per se, but included in the model to adjust for cumulative increase in risk from bilateral surgery

3)

Though not by definition a complication, we included complex cataract surgery (Current Procedural Terminology, or CPT, code 66982) in the model, as compared to routine cataract surgery (CPT code 66984).

4)

Includes all intraoperative complications except Complicated Surgery

5)

Includes posterior capsule opacification/YAG capsulotomy, intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation, IOL repair, secondary IOL placement, and post-cataract refractive surgery

6)

Includes all postoperative complications listed above (short-term and long-term)

7)

Includes endophthalmitis (or vitreous tap with intravitreal antibiotics in the immediate postoperative period), retinal tear/detachment, pars plana vitrectomy/lensectomy, and cystoid macular edema

8)

Includes corneal edema, wound leak/dehiscence, and glaucoma or ocular hypertension

9)

Includes IOL dislocation, IOL repair, and secondary IOL placement