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. 2016 Jun 23;7:11829. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11829

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(a) Representative immunofluorescence against YFP in the NAc of an animal injected with AAV5-D2-eNpHR-eYFP. Scale bar: 400 μm; ac: anterior commissure. (b-c) Optogenetic stimulation of D2-eNpHR (10 s constant light at 15 mW) decreases NAc firing rate (n=20 cells). (d) During stimulation, 58.3% of cells decrease their firing rate, whereas 22.2% of cells increase their activity and 19.4% do not respond. After the stimulation (period of 60 s), 52.8% of cells return to their basal activity levels, 22.2% of cells present decreased firing rate, and 25% of cells present increased activity. (e) Optogenetic inhibition of D2 neurons during cue exposure (15 mW constant light during 10 s) decreases cumulative presses and breakpoint (f,g) in the PR test (n_D2-ChR2=8; n_D2-eYFP=5). Error bars denote s.e.m. **P ≤0.01, ***P≤0.001.