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. 2016 Jun 15;8(6):2549–2561.

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Isolation, characterization and neuronal differentiation of r-BM-MSCs. A. The morphology of r-BM-MSCs (a). After induction, the cells possessed the typical phenotypes of adipocytes (stained with oil red O) or (b) osteocytes (stained with alizarin red S) (c). Scale bar = 100 μm. B. Differentiated cells express the MSCs markers, CD73, CD90 and CD105, but do not express the hematopoietic or endothelial markers, CD14, CD34 and CD45. C. Neural differentiation of r-BM-MSCs. Control r-BM-MSCs (a). After induction with ATRA and culture in neural induction medium, r-BM-MSCs differentiate into neural-like cells, which exhibit large cell body diameters, long axons and dendrites (c). The neural stem cell marker, nestin, is expressed in the induced cells. Control MSCs express low levels of nestin (b), while induced-MSCs exhibit increased nestin expression (d). Scale bar = 100 μm. D. Assessment of expression level of nestin by real-time PCR. d-MSCs exhibited higher expression level of nestin than c-MSCs (control MSCs). **P < 0.01.