Table 4.
Comparison of writing errors among AD, a-MCI, and NC groups in this study
| Error types | Symptom occurrence rate (%) | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD | a-MCI | NC | NC versus a-MCI | NC versus AD | a-MCI versus AD | |
| No response | 18.8 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Paragraph agraphia | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Perseverative writing | 13.3 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| Word substitution | 81.3 | 76.9 | 43.8 | 0.037 | 0.013 | 0.779 |
| Unintelligible character | 100 | 100 | 87.5 | 0.186 | 0.018 | 0.024 |
| Picture drawing | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – |
| Mirror writing | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – |
| Visuoconstructional impairment | 13.3 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – |
NC: Normal control; a-MCI: Amnestic mild cognitive impairment; AD: Alzheimer's disease; –: Not applicable.