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. 2016 Jul 4;6:29159. doi: 10.1038/srep29159

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(a) The skin penetration of EGF (20 μg) after 4 hours. (b) The skin penetration of SPACE-EGF (20 μg) after 4 hours. (c) The skin penetration of EGF-siRNA after 8 hours. (d) The skin penetration of siRNA after 8 hours with co-administered Lipofectamine 2000. (e) The skin penetration of SPACE-siRNA after 8 hours. (f) The skin penetration of SE-siRC after 8 hours. (g) The permeated SPACE-EGF or EGF in the skin layer after 16 hours. (h) The permeated SPACE-EGF or EGF across the skin layer after 16 hours. The linked siRNA was GAPDH-siRNA. ELISA assay was used to quantify the permeated protein. Scale bar: 40 μm. The experiments were repeated at least 3 times.