Table 3. The effects of ASD traits and anxiety on BOLD responses during negative reward feedback.
Peak MNI coordinates |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | Brodmann area | Cluster size (voxels) | x | y | z | Z | P (FWE) |
Interaction: ASD traits x anxiety | |||||||
R superior and medial frontal gyri | 10 | 223 | 21 | 59 | 7 | 4.95 | 0.003 |
27 | 59 | 1 | 4.84 | ||||
18 | 47 | 22 | 4.34 | ||||
R caudate, R putamen, R middle and inferior frontal gyri | 10 | 301 | 21 | 23 | 1 | 4.73 | <0.001 |
27 | 38 | −5 | 4.46 | ||||
21 | 23 | 13 | 3.76 | ||||
L middle temporal gyrus | 183 | −51 | −76 | 13 | 4.05 | 0.010 | |
−57 | −70 | 10 | 3.87 | ||||
−24 | −85 | 16 | 3.36 | ||||
High<Low ASD traits | |||||||
R superior and medial frontal gyri | 10 | 137 | 21 | 44 | 1 | 4.33 | 0.046 |
18 | 53 | 13 | 4.06 | ||||
30 | 56 | −2 | 3.71 | ||||
Any anxiety<no anxiety | |||||||
R superior frontal gyrus extending to R medial frontal gyrus | 10 | 145 | 21 | 59 | 7 | 5.08 | 0.034 |
21 | 62 | 19 | 3.62 | ||||
6 | 65 | 28 | 2.75 | ||||
R caudate, R inferior frontal gyrus | 449 | 18 | 47 | 22 | 4.79 | <0.001 | |
21 | 23 | 1 | 4.67 | ||||
27 | 38 | −5 | 4.29 | ||||
L inferior parietal lobule | 184 | −36 | −46 | 28 | 4.62 | 0.009 | |
−24 | −58 | 25 | 4.53 | ||||
−24 | −52 | 34 | 3.87 | ||||
L middle temporal gyrus | 182 | −60 | −70 | 7 | 4.12 | 0.010 | |
−51 | −76 | 13 | 3.85 | ||||
−51 | −67 | 13 | 3.33 | ||||
L middle and inferior frontal gyrus | 193 | −48 | 29 | −5 | 4.04 | 0.007 | |
−30 | 44 | 22 | 3.97 | ||||
−30 | 41 | 14 | 3.72 | ||||
L caudate extending to the subgenual ACC | 24/25 | 144 | −9 | 23 | −5 | 3.71 | 0.036 |
−18 | 23 | 4 | 3.67 | ||||
−12 | 14 | 4 | 3.41 | ||||
ASDANX<ASDONLY | |||||||
R middle and inferior frontal gyri (extending to the midcingulate/ACC) | 46/32 | 143 | 27 | 32 | 31 | 4.30 | 0.015 |
33 | 38 | 16 | 4.12 | ||||
42 | 35 | 13 | 3.66 | ||||
L inferior and middle frontal gyri | 46 | 136 | −48 | 29 | −2 | 4.20 | 0.020 |
−36 | 26 | 13 | 3.39 | ||||
−45 | 32 | 19 | 3.38 | ||||
L rolandic operculum / precentral gyrus, L inferior frontal gyrus | 22 | 120 | −63 | 5 | 4 | 4.00 | 0.040 |
−54 | 2 | 7 | 3.65 | ||||
−57 | 14 | 7 | 3.55 | ||||
L and R lateral ventricles, corpus callosum (extending to L caudate) | 179 | 9 | −10 | 22 | 3.60 | 0.004 | |
−6 | −19 | 25 | 3.35 | ||||
−1 | 25 | 3.35 | |||||
ASDANX<ANXONLY | |||||||
R putamen and R caudate extending to subcallosal gyrus / gyrus rectus, R superior and medial frontal gyri | 34/13/10 | 472 | 27 | 59 | 1 | 5.33 | <0.001 |
15 | 56 | 7 | 4.70 | ||||
18 | 20 | 1 | 3.89 | ||||
L putamen and L caudate, L middle frontal gyrus | 47 | 227 | −30 | 44 | −8 | 4.17 | 0.003 |
−12 | 11 | 1 | 4.00 | ||||
−21 | 23 | 1 | 3.88 |
Abbreviations: ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; ANXONLY, high anxiety and low ASD traits; ASDANX, high ASD traits and anxiety; ASDONLY, high ASD traits and low anxiety; BOLD, blood-oxygen-level dependent; FWE, family-wise error correction; L, left hemisphere; MNI, Montreal Neurological Institute; R, right hemisphere.