Table 3.

Strategies to Mitigate Issues from a Mycobacterial Outbreak

Strategy	Rationale	Practical effect
Provide personnel training on mycobacteria	Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 2011	Reduces risk of zoonotic infection; Reduces pathogen vectors
Wear personal protective equipment (gloves)	Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 2011	Reduces risk of zoonotic infection
Use 70% ethanol to disinfect facility surfaces and hands	Mainous 2005	Eliminates bacteria on facility surfaces and hands
Use embryo surface disinfection	Our experimental results	Reduces bacterial counts on embryo chorion
Track diseased fish with tank labels	Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 2011, and observations at UO	Provides surveillance data
Perform environmental sampling	Adapted from rodent health monitoring. Pritchett-Corning 2014.	Provides surveillance data
Plan and direct personnel movements	Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 2011	Reduces pathogen spread through personnel movements
Remove elderly fish	Keller 2004 and Sasaki 2013	Removes potential disease carriers
Remove dead and moribund fish	Kent 2009	Removes potential disease carriers
Place young fish highest on housing racks	“Because water is an excellent vehicle for pathogens.” Kent 2009	Reduces risk of pathogen spread through water spill
Dedicate wild-type fish for outcrosses	Noga 2010 and Murray 2012	Reduces pathogen spread through shared fish for outcrosses
Remove spawn water and water from tank changes from RAS	Adapted from Murray 2012	Eliminates potentially pathogenic bacteria from RAS
Change tanks every 3 weeks	Observations in our facility	Reduces biofilm and algae
Evaluate and validate sanitation	Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 2011	Reduces pathogen spread through soiled equipment