Table 3.

Genotype and phenotype laboratory methods for high-quality phenotype–genotype studies (n = 30).

Study	Year	Amplification/genotype method	Population	Polymorphisms tested	Phenotype method	Ref.
Ben Salah	2013	PCR; AS-PCR; RFLP	Other	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[13]
Fakhoury	2007	PCR; AS-PCR	European	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[25]
Fangbin	2012	PCR; RFLP	Chinese	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	Not specified	[26]
Ford	2006	ARMS; AS-PCR; PCR	Not specified	TPMT*2, TPMT*3	HPLC	[27]
Ford	2009	ARMS; AS-PCR; PCR	Not specified	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[28]
Ganiere-Monteil	2004	PCR; AS-PCR	Caucasian	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[58]
Gazouli	2012	PCR; RFLP	Not specified	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	RC	[29]
Hindorf	2012	Pyrosequencing	Not specified	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3c; those with phenotype under 9.0 were further investigated on exons 3–10	RC	[30]
Jorquera	2012	PCR; RFLP	Other	TPMT*1, TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[38]
Langley	2002	PCR; RFLP	Not specified	TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	RC	[59]
Larussa	2012	PCR; RFLP	Caucasian	TPMT*2, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	Competitive micro-well immunoassay	[31]
Lennard	2013	PCR; RFLP	Other	TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[32]
Liang	2013	PCR; TaqMan	Not specified	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3c	Not specified	[14]
Loennechen	2001	PCR; AS-PCR; RFLP	Caucasian	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c, TPMT*6	RC	[23]
Ma	2006	PCR; RFLP	Chinese	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[39]
Marinaki	2003	PCR; RFLP	Caucasian	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3c	RC	[60]
Milek	2006	PCR; RFLP, TaqMan	Other	TPMT*2, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[33]
Oselin	2006	PCR; RFLP	Other	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c, TPMT*3D, TPMT*8	HPLC	[34]
Schaeffeler	2004	PCR; DHPLC	Caucasian	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c, TPMT*3D	RC	[62]
Schwab	2002	DHPLC	Caucasian	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c, TPMT*3D	Not specified	[64]
Serpe	2009	AS-PCR; PCR; RFLP	Other	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	Not specified	[35]
Spire-Vayron de la Moureyre	1998	PCR-SSCP; Direct sequencing	European	TPMT*1, TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c, TPMT*1S, TPMT*1A, TPMT*7, TPMT *3d	RC	[67]
Spire-Vayron de la Moureyre	1998	PCR-SSCP; Direct sequencing	European	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c, TPMT*3D, TPMT*4, TPMT*5, TPMT*6, TPMT*7	RC	[24]
von Ahsen	2005	Not specified	Caucasian	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	RC	[65]
Wennerstrand	2013	Pyrosequencing	Other	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c, TPMT*3D	RC	[16]
Winter	2007	PCR; RFLP		TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	Mass spectrometry	[10]
Wusk	2004	PCR; sequencing	German	TPMT*2, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[11]
Xin	2009	AS-PCR; PCR; RFLP	Not specified	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[36]
Yates	1997	PCR; RFLP	Caucasian	TPMT*1, TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3c	RC	[66]
Zhang	2007	PCR; RFLP	Not specified	TPMT*2, TPMT*3a, TPMT*3b, TPMT*3c	HPLC	[37]

ARMS: Multiplex amplifications refractory mutation; AS-PCR: Allele-specific PCR; DHPLC: Denaturing high performance liquid chromatography; RC: Radiochemical method; SSCP: Single strand conformation polymorphism.