Table 3.
Cumulative Hardships |
Model 1a | Model 2b | ||||
Internal Locus of Control (Continuous Score)c | ||||||
Total n (%) |
Mean (SD) | Beta | 95% CI | Beta | 95% CI | |
No Hardship | 218 (39.9) | 19.22 (1.64) | REF | REF | ||
1 Hardship | 180 (32.9) | 19.04 (1.50) | .07 | −.01 to .09 | .05 | −.03 to .08 |
2 Hardships | 91 (16.6) | 18.79 (1.64) | .11 | .02 to .15 | .09 | −.004 to .13 |
3–4 Hardships | 58 (10.6) | 18.36 (2.13) | .16 | .07 to .22 | .13 | .03 to .20 |
Low Internal Locus of Control (Categorical Variable) | ||||||
Total n (%) |
With low LOC n (%) |
OR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | |
No Hardship | 218 (39.9) | 33 (15.1) | REF | REF | ||
1 Hardship | 180 (32.9) | 46 (25.6) | 1.92 | 1.17 – 3.17 | 1.74 | 1.04 – 2.93 |
2 Hardships | 91 (16.6) | 30 (33.0) | 2.75 | 1.56 – 4.88 | 2.40 | 1.30 – 4.42 |
3–4 Hardships | 58 (10.6) | 22 (37.9) | 3.42 | 1.80 – 6.54 | 2.70 | 1.35 – 5.41 |
Model 1 uses regression models with number of hardships entered simultaneously into model, using “no hardship” as the reference group.
Model 2 uses regression models with number of hardships entered simultaneously into model as well as additional potential confounders including US born, maternal education, marital status, working status, first child, depressive symptoms, and pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25, using “no hardship” as the reference group
Multiple linear regressions were performed utilizing a log-transformation of LOC-PCO scores that had been reversed to account for left skewing. Higher Betas represent lower LOC-PCO scores.