Table 1. Characteristics of the study participants.

Variables		EMST (n=18)	EMST+PT (n=15)
Age (years)		63.8 ± 8.2	65.1 ± 9.5
Gender, n (%)
	Male	16 (88.8)	15 (100)
	Female	2 (11.2)	0 (0)
H-Y stage, n (%)
	≤3	15 (83.3)	11 (73.3)
	>4	3 (16.7)	4 (26.7)
VFS		35.1 ± 13.5	33.5 ± 12.8

Data are presented as mean ± SD. *p<0.05. EMST: expiratory muscle strength training; PT: postural techniques; H-Y stage: Hoehn and Yahr stage; VFS: functional dysphagia scale based on videofluoroscopic studies