Table 3.
Overall Scale Means (with SD) and Means per Group, with Statistical Test of Difference (all df = 2, 123; with effect size; Tukey HSD) and Correlation with the Sexual Orientation Scale in Study 1.
| M | Lesbians (n = 47) | Bisexual women (n = 32) | Straight women (n = 47) | Group differences () | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TMF-F | 4.24 (1.35) | 3.20 (1.05) | 4.47 (1.00) | 5.13 (1.12) | F = 40.19, p < 0.001 (0.40) L < B < S |
| TMF-M | 3.49 (1.22) | 4.36 (0.90) | 3.24 (1.02) | 2.78 (1.09) | F = 30.31, p < 0.001 (0.33) L > B = S |
| BSRI-F | 5.24 (0.75) | 5.09 (0.71) | 5.38 (0.85) | 5.30 (0.69) | F = 1.63, p = 0.19, ns |
| BSRI-M | 4.67 (0.73) | 4.69 (0.75) | 4.72 (0.83) | 4.61 (0.65) | F < 1, ns |
| GRB-F | 4.38 (0.85) | 4.16 (0.80) | 4.45 (0.83) | 4.57 (0.89) | F = 2.94, p = 0.06 (0.05) L < S |
| GRB-M | 4.22 (0.86) | 4.73 (0.79) | 4.09 (0.83) | 3.78 (0.68) | F = 19.29, p < 0.001 (0.24) L > B = S |
| CGRB-F | 3.97 (1.63) | 2.93 (1.55) | 4.28 (1.37) | 4.79 (1.30) | F = 21.40, p < 0.001 (0.26) L < B = S |
| CGRB-M | 4.29 (1.52) | 5.24 (1.54) | 3.98 (1.25) | 3.56 (1.16) | F = 19.93, p < 0.001 (0.25) L > B = S |
| IAT effect | 0.67 (0.31) | 0.59 (0.31) | 0.65 (0.31) | 0.76 (0.30) | F = 3.81, p < 0.03 (0.06) L < S |
All scales theoretically range from 1 to 7, except for the IAT effect that is similar to an effect size of the stronger self-feminine as opposed to self-masculine association. Abbreviations of tests: TMF, Traditional Masculinity-Femininity; BSRI, Bem Sex Role Inventory; GRB, Gender-Role Behavior; IAT effect: Differences in the implicit association test (IAT) between the self-masculine/others-feminine and the self-feminine/others-masculine task. Endings indicate masculinity (−M) und femininity (−F) scales. Higher scores indicate higher masculinity on masculinity scales and higher femininity on femininity scales. Abbreviations of groups: L, Lesbians; B, bisexual women; and S, straight women.