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. 2016 Jul 5;7:1003. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01003

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Paracoccin induces classical activation of macrophages. Murine peritoneal macrophages from WT (1 × 106 cells/mL) mice were stimulated with p-rPCN (5 μg/mL) for 6 h. As positive controls for the classical activation, the following inducers were used: LPS (1 μg/mL), Pam3CSK4 (100 ng/mL), and IFN-γ (1 ng/mL) plus IL-12p40 (50 ng/mL). For alternative activation, IL-10 plus IL-4 (50 ng/mL both) was used. The medium alone was used as a negative control. After extraction using TRizol Reagent®, the RNA was converted into cDNA and the expression of iNOS (A), Arginase-1 (B), Ym-1 (C), FIZZ1 (D), STAT1 (E), SOCS3 (F), STAT3 (G), and SOCS1 (H) were analyzed by real-time PCR. The ratio SOCS3/SOCS1 (I) was calculated. The relative expression was determined as described in Section “Materials and Methods,” and the results obtained under stimulus were compared to those obtained using the medium. Data are shown in mean ± SEM and were compared through one-way analysis of variance, followed by Bonferroni’s test. ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ∗∗p < 0.01, and ∗p < 0.05.