Table 1.
Selected Active or Completed Clinical Trials on metformin and pioglitazone for cancer therapeutics or cancer prevention.
| Setting | Anti-diabetic Intervention | Other Intervention | Phase | Status | ClinicalTrials. Gov Identifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metastatic or unresectable solid tumor or lymphoma | Metformin | Temsirolimus | I | Completed § | NCT00659568 |
| Li Fraumeni Syndrome | Metformin | - | I | Recruiting | NCT01981525 |
| Advanced cancers | Metformin | Temsirolimus | I | Recruiting | NCT01529593 |
| Hormone-resistant prostate cancer | Metformin | Enzalutamide/Laboratory biomarker analysis | I | Not yet recruiting | NCT02339168 |
| Locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer | Metformin | - | II | Active, not recruiting | NCT01243385 |
| Breast cancer prevention in obese /overweight premenopausal women with metabolic syndrome | Metformin | Placebo | II | Recruiting | NCT02028221 |
| Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) | Metformin | Placebo/Stereotactic body Radiotherapy (SBRT) | II | Recruiting | NCT02285855 |
| Colorectal and breast cancer | Metformin | Exercise training/Exercise training plus metformin | II | Active, not recruiting | NCT01340300 |
| Bladder cancer | Metformin | Simvastatin | II | Not yet recruiting | NCT02360618 |
| Advanced stage ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancer | Metformin | Combination chemotherapy/Laboratory biomarker analysis | II | Recruiting | NCT02122185 |
| Locally advanced NSCLC | Metformin plus chemo-radiotherapy | Chemo-radiotherapy | II | Recruiting | NCT02115464 |
| Metastatic pancreatic cancer | Metformin | Modified FOLFOX 6/ Laboratory biomarker analysis | II | Recruiting | NCT01666730 |
| Hormone-dependent prostate cancer | Metformin | Aspirin/Placebo/ Laboratory biomarker analysis | II | Recruiting | NCT02420652 |
| Metastatic breast cancer | Metformin | Placebo | II | Recruiting | NCT01310231 |
| Castration resistant prostate cancer | Metformin | Enzalutamide | II | Not yet recruiting | NCT02640534 |
| Hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women | Metformin | Everolimus/Exemestane | II | Active, not recruiting | NCT01627067 |
| Locally advanced rectal cancer | Metformin | - | II | Recruiting | NCT02437656 |
| Breast cancer prevention | Metformin | Placebo | II | Recruiting | NCT02028221 |
| Prostate cancer | Metformin plus bicalutamide | Bicalutamide | II | Recruiting | NCT02614859 |
| Prostate cancer, Prostate cancer recurrent | Metformin | - | II | Recruiting | NCT02176161 |
| Ovarian, Fallopian tube, and Primary peritoneal cancer | Metformin | - | II | Recruiting | NCT01579812 |
| Refractory colorectal cancer | Metformin | Irinotecan | II | Not yet recruiting | NCT01930864 |
| Early stage breast cancer | Metformin | Placebo | III | Active, not recruiting | NCT01101438 |
| Prostate cancer | Metformin | Placebo | III | Recruiting | NCT01864096 |
| Advanced solid tumors | Pioglitazone | Carboplatin | I | Active, not recruiting | NCT02133625 |
| PAX8-PPARγ fusion gene-positive thyroid cancer | Pioglitazone | - | II | Recruiting | NCT01655719 |
| Pancreatic cancer | Pioglitazone | - | II | Recruiting | NCT01838317 |
| Oral leukoplakia | Pioglitazone | Placebo/Laboratory biomarker analysis | II | Completed§ | NCT00951379 |
| Lung cancer chemoprevention | Pioglitazone | Placebo/fluorescence bronchoscopy/quantitative high resolution computerized tomography (CT) scan | II | Active, not recruiting | NCT00780234 |
| Squamous cell cancer chemoprevention | Pioglitazone | - | II | Enrolling by invitation | NCT02347813 |
§ No results from these studies have been posted yet.