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. 2016 Jul 5;6:28559. doi: 10.1038/srep28559

Table 2. List of genes in the chloroplast genome of Ilex.

Category Groups of gene Name of genes
Protein synthesis and DNA-replication Transfer RNAs trnC-GCA, trnD-GUC, trnE-UUC, trnF-GAA, trnfM-CAU, trnG-GCC, trnG-UCC, trnH-GUG, trnK-UUU, trnL-UAA, trnM-CAU, trnQ-UUG, trnP-GGG, trnP-UGG, trnR-UCU, trnS-GCU, trnS-GGA, trnS-UGA, trnT-GGU, trnT-UGU, trnV-UAC, trnW-CCA, trnY-GUA, trnA-UGC(×2), trnI-CAU(×2), trnI-GAU(×2), trnL-CAA(×2), trnL-UAG, trnN-GUU(×2), trnR-ACG(×2), trnV-GAC(×2)
Ribosomal RNAs rrn16(×2), rrn23(×2), rrn4.5(×2), rrn5(×2)
Ribosomal protein small subunit rps16, rps2, rps14, rps4, rps18, rps12(×2), rps11, rps8, rps3, rps19, rps7(×2), rps15
Ribosomal protein large subunit rpl33, rpl20, rpl36, rpl14, rpl16, rpl22, rpl2(×2), rpl23(×2), rpl32
Subunits of RNA polymerase rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1, rpoC2
Photosynthesis photosystem I psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ
Photosystem II psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbG, psbH, psbI, psbJ, psbK, psbL, psbM, psbN, psbT, lhbA
Cythochrome b/f complex petA, petB, petD, petG, petL petN
ATP synthase atpA, atpB, atpE, atpF, atpH, atpI
NADH-dehydrogenase ndhA, ndhB(×2), ndhC, ndhD, ndhE, ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK
Large subunit Rubisco rbcL
Miscellaneous group Translation initiation factor infA
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase accD
Cytochrome c biogenesis ccsA
Maturase matK
ATP-dependent protease clpP
Inner membrane protein cemA
Pseudogene unknown function Conserved hypothetical chloroplast ORF ycf3, ycf4, ycf2(×2), ycf15(×2), ycf68(×2), orf42(×2), orf56(×2), ycf1(×2), orf188