Fig. 1.

Devices for intravesical lidocaine delivery. The device is assembled with a superelastic shape-memory wire for both easy insertion and better retention in the bladder. (A) Prototype device for preclinical study. Adapted from Lee H, et al. J Control Release 2011;149:133-9, with permission of American Association for the Advancement of Science [14]. (B) LiRIS (TARIS Biomedical, Lexington, MA, USA) for clinical study, where the arrows indicate the locations of the laser-drilled orifices. The ruler is 5 cm long. Adapted from Nickel JC, et al. Sci Transl Med 2012;4:143ra100, with permission of Elsevier [15].