Table 3.
Exposure/risk factors related to the presence of anti-OPV neutralizing antibodies
| Exposure factors | N (%) | PRNT positive (%) | PRNT negative (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contact with bovines or equids | ||||
| Yes | 169 (70.4) | 59 (35.0) | 110 (65.0) | 0.035 |
| No | 71 (29.6) | 15 (21.2) | 56 (78.8) | |
| Contact with others domestic animalsa | ||||
| Yes | 122 (50.8) | 38 (25.0) | 84 (75.0) | 0.915 |
| No | 118 (49.2) | 36 (30.5) | 82 (69.5) | |
| Contact with wild environmentb | ||||
| Yes | 117 (48.8) | 37 (31.6) | 80 (68.4) | 0.796 |
| No | 123 (51.2) | 37 (31.8) | 86 (68.2) | |
| Practice milking | ||||
| Yes | 91 (37.9) | 35 (38.5) | 56 (61.5) | 0.046 |
| No | 149 (62.1) | 39 (26.2) | 110 (73.8) | |
| Kind of milkingc | ||||
| Manual | 60 (65.9) | 26 (43.3) | 34 (56.7) | 0.193 |
| Mechanic | 31 (34.1) | 9 (29.1) | 22 (70.9) | |
| Number of milkings/dayc | ||||
| 1/day | 52 (57.1) | 24 (46.2) | 28 (53.8) | 0.082 |
| 2/day | 39 (42.9) | 11 (28.2) | 28 (71.8) | |
| Raw milk/cheese consumption | ||||
| Yes | 217 (90.4) | 70 (22.3) | 147 (67.7) | 0.142 |
| No | 23 (9.6) | 4 (13.4) | 19 (86.6) | |
| Participate in cheese production | ||||
| Yes | 51 (21.3) | 24 (47.1) | 27 (52.9) | 0.005 |
| No | 189 (78.7) | 50 (26.5) | 139 (73.5) | |
| Vaccine taked | ||||
| Yes | 77 (32.1) | 44 (57.1) | 33 (42.9) | <0.0001 |
| No | 163 (67.9) | 30 (19.4) | 133 (80.6) | |
| Outbreak on property | ||||
| Yes | 20 | 11 (54.0) | 9 (45.0) | 0.015 |
| No | 220 | 63 (26.9) | 157 (71.3) | |
| Total | 240 (100.0) | 74 (30.8) | 166 (69.2) |
a: Other domestic animals includes cats, dogs, goats, sheeps, pigs, chickens and ducks; b: Reported by those who were in the wild environment to hunt, gather firewood and fetch some animals of property, such as horse; c: The number of individuals in these two groups is relative to positives in practice milking group (N = 91); d: Individuals who had a vaccine scar on left arm