Table 2.
Prevalence of Lifetime and Past 3-month Substance Use
| Specific Substances | Lifetime
|
Past 3 Months
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Mean Difference (95% CI) | Male | Female | Mean Difference (95% CI) | |
| Tobacco (smoking) | 72.8 | 61.2 | 11.6 (9.3 to 13.8) | 50.0 | 39.1 | 10.8 (8.3 to 13.4) |
| Alcohol | 91.1 | 83.6 | 7.6 (6.0 to 9.1) | 57.3 | 47.7 | 10.3 (8.0 to 12.7) |
| Drugs | ||||||
| Marijuana | 69.9 | 52.7 | 17.1 (14.9 to 19.5) | 33.9 | 21.2 | 12.6 (10.4 to 14.9) |
| Cocaine or crack | 32.0 | 18.7 | 13.4 (11.2 to 15.5) | 7.9 | 4.2 | 3.6 (2.4 to 4.7) |
| Prescription opioids | 18.9 | 11.8 | 7.1 (5.3 to 8.9) | 8.1 | 5.1 | 2.9 (1.8 to 4.1) |
| Hallucinogens | 23.0 | 10.7 | 12.4 (10.6 to 14.3) | 1.9 | 0.8 | 1.2 (0.6 to 1.7) |
| Benzodiazepines | 11.6 | 8.3 | 3.3 (1.8 to 4.8) | 3.8 | 3.5 | 0.4 (−0.5 to 1.4) |
| Methamphetamines | 12.5 | 7.9 | 4.6 (3.1 to 6.1) | 2.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 (0.5 to 1.7) |
| Opioids | 12.0 | 5.6 | 6.4 (5.0 to 7.8) | 3.4 | 1.5 | 1.9 (1.1 to 2.7) |
| Amphetamines | 7.6 | 5.1 | 2.7 (1.3 to 3.9) | 1.9 | 1.6 | 0.3 (−0.4 to 1.0) |
| Inhalants | 8.0 | 3.7 | 4.3 (3.2 to 5.5) | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.2) |
| Methadone or buprenorphine | 4.6 | 2.1 | 2.5 (1.5 to 3.4) | 2.0 | 0.8 | 1.2 (0.7 to 1.8) |
| Gamma-hydroxybutyrate | 2.4 | 1.0 | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.1) | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 (0.0 to 0.5) |
| Barbiturates | 2.1 | 1.0 | 1.7 (0.4 to 1 to 0) | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 (0.0 to 0.4) |
| All drugs | 47.5 | 32.3 | 15.2 (12.8 to 17.5) | 42.4 | 28.3 | 14.0 (11.7 to 16.3) |
Data are presented as a proportion (%). Mean difference: males – females.