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. 2016 Jul 5;11(7):e0157765. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157765

Table 3. Ordinary least square regression–“naïve model”.

Catastrophic effects of health care costs
B SE B SE B SE
Diagnosed diabetes within the eligible respondents 0.037* 0.004
Diagnosed cardio-vascular disease within the eligible respondents 0.043* 0.020
Diagnosed cancer within the eligible respondents 0.003* 0.006
Gender 0.004** 0.002 0.006** 0.002 0.003 0.002
Age 0.001* 0.000 0.001* 0.000 0.001* 0.000
Years of education -0.001* 0.000 -0.001** 0.000 -0.001* 0.000
Household size -0.003* 0.001 -0.003** 0.001 -0.003** 0.001
Number of children (age < 18 years) 0.004* 0.001 0.003* 0.001 0.004* 0.001
Household expenditure percentiles -0.007 0.001 -0.007* 0.001 -0.007 0.001
Austria 0.012** 0.007 0.001 0.007 0.011 0.007
Belgium 0.025* 0.006 0.022* 0.006 0.025 0.006
Czech Republic 0.428* 0.006 0.428* 0.006 0.431 0.006
Denmark 0.106* 0.008 0.106* 0.008 0.105 0.008
France 0.000 0.006 -0.001 0.006 0.000 0.106
Germany 0.004 0.009 0.006 0.009 0.006 0.009
Hungary 0.678* 0.008 0.673* 0.008 0.680 0.008
Italy 0.031* 0.007 0.033* 0.007 0.032 0.007
Poland 0.433* 0.009 0.431* 0.009 0.434 0.009
Portugal 0.155* 0.008 0.156* 0.008 0.157 0.008
Slovenia -0.008 0.008 -0.019 0.007 -0.008 0.008
Spain 0.001 0.007 0.003 0.007 0.002 0.007
Sweden 0.007 0.008 0.006 0.008 0.008 0.008
Switzerland 0.023* 0.007 0.024* 0.007 0.021 0.007
Constant -0.019** 0.012 -0.016 0.012 -0.015 0.012

Statistically significant,

* p<0.01,

** p<0.05

Catastrophic health expenditures refer to the case when out-of-pocket payments exceed a certain threshold share of either total or non-food expenditure of households.