Table 5.

Risk factors for infection diseases during hospitalization evaluated by chi square test or Mann-Whitney U test

	No infection during hospitalization (n = 20,374)	Infection during hospitalization (n = 502)	p value
Age (years)	57.5 ± 24.3	64.4 ± 19.2	<0.001
Gender (males/females)	10,375/9,999	280/222	0.032*
Setting days of period 3 in each DPC	25.4 ± 18.1	46.0 ± 30.6	<0.001
Mortality	179 (0.88%)	36 (7.17%)	<0.001*
Ambulance transportation	2,617 (12.8%)	107 (21.3%)	<0.001*
Unplanned hospitalization	2,889 (14.1%)	119 (23.7%)	<0.001*
Hospital days	14.5 ± 5.2	33.2 ± 33.6	<0.001
Days in beds for general patients	11.6 ± 10.6	30.1 ± 31.7	<0.001
Days in ECU	3.91 ± 3.58 (1–14)	6.92 ± 5.19 (1–14)	<0.001
Days in ICU	4.19 ± 5.31 (1–54)	4.34 ± 5.13 (1–20)	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus	2,444 (12.0%)	90 (17.9%)	<0.001*
Infectious disease
On admission	785 (4.1%)	74 (9.5%)	<0.0335*

Data are mean ± SD. *Evaluation by chi square test. DPC, diagnosis procedure combination; ECU, emergency care unit; ICU, intensive care unit.