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. 2016 Jul 6;3:40. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2016.00040

Figure 2.

Figure 2

(A) Recurrent NF2, AKT1, SMO, TRAF7, KLF4, and PIK3CA mutations are collectively present in over 80% of grade I meningiomas. Mutations in AKT1, KLF4, and PIK3CA overlap with TRAF7, but not with each other, and largely occur in a mutually exclusive pattern with NF2 and SMO. Oncogenic driver mutations remain unclear for ~20% of meningiomas [Data aggregated from Ref. (19, 20, 23, 41)]. (B) Recurrent chromosomal copy number alterations in meningioma. Chromosomal arm-level gains (red) and losses (blue) are observed with increasing frequency in higher-grade meningiomas, compared to grade I meningiomas. §Polysomy 5 is observed in angiomatous subtype of grade I meningiomas [Data adapted from Ref. (5, 32)].