FIG 1.

Comparison of immunization routes in mice. Naive mice (n = 40) were either i.m. or i.n. immunized with one dose (8 × 10⁹ v.p.) of rAd5-LcrV or rAd5-YFV vaccine. Animals received the same dose of Ad5-Empty, which was split equally into i.m. injection and i.n. instillation and served as a control. These immunized and control mice were then divided into two sets and challenged on day 15 postimmunization either subcutaneously (s.c.) with 60 LD₅₀ (A) or intranasally (i.n.) with 90 LD₅₀ (B) of WT CO92. The P values are in comparison to the control group and are based on Kaplan-Meier curve analysis. Mice were also bled prior to the challenge to evaluate IgG antibody titers and those of its isotypes to LcrV by ELISA (C). The P values are in comparison to the indicated groups and are based on two-way ANOVA (IgG1 and IgA) with Tukey's post hoc correction.