Table 2.
Clinicopathological characteristics and DKK3 expression in patients with oral submucous fibrosis.
| No. of patients | DKK3 expression | χ2 | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +(%) | -(%) | ||||
| Sex | 0.000 | 1.000 | |||
| Male | 26 | 13(50) | 13(50) | ||
| Female | 4 | 1(25) | 3(75) | ||
| Age (years) | 2.143 | 0.143 | |||
| <31 | 14 | 5 (35.7) | 9 (64.3) | ||
| >31 | 16 | 10 (62.5) | 6 (37.5) | ||
| Grade | 4.563 | 0.130 | |||
| Early | 5 | 4(80) | 1(20) | ||
| Moderate | 16 | 9 (56.3) | 7 (43.7) | ||
| Advanced | 9 | 2 (22.2) | 7 (77.8) | ||
| Dysplasia status | 19.286 | 0.0001* | |||
| Dysplasia | 16 | 2 (12.5) | 14 (87.5) | ||
| No dysplasia | 14 | 13 (92.9) | 1 (7.1) | ||
| Habit | 0.556 | 0.456 | |||
| Betel nut | 18 | 10 (55.6) | 8 (44.4) | ||
| Betel nut and smoking | 12 | 5 (41.7) | 7 (58.3) | ||
| Duration | 0.133 | 0.715 | |||
| <8 years | 15 | 8 (53.3) | 7 (46.7) | ||
| >8 years | 15 | 7 (46.7) | 8 (53.3) | ||
| Mouth opening | 0.635 | 0.426 | |||
| <28 | 9 | 3 (33.3) | 6 (77.7) | ||
| >28 | 21 | 12 (57.1) | 9 (42.9) | ||
| Stage/atrophy° | 0.362 | 0.547 | |||
| Early stage/atrophic | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||
| Moderate stage/atrophic | 7 | 4 | 3 | ||
| Sever stage/atrophic | 9 | 2 | 7 | ||
*Statistically significant at P<0.05;
°relation between epithelial atrophy and DKK3 expression according to Pindborg’s criteria.