Table 1. Sample information and results of the 14C and genetic analyses of the Neandertal remains from Goyet.
| Specimen |
Radiocarbon dating |
Genetic analyses | Anthropogenic marks | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ID | Description | Lab # | 14C age (BP) | Calibrated age (calBP) 95% probability | ||
| 2878–2D* | Lower lt P2 (mandible 2878–8) | GrA-54028 | 32,190 +200, −190 | 36,510–35,630 | − | − |
| C5–1 | Lt parietal frag. | − | − | − | Nean | − |
| Q53–4 | Rt humerus diaph. frag. (humerus III) | GrA-54022 | 39,870 +400, −350 | 44,330–42,920 | − | − |
| Q55–1 | Lt clavicle frag. | GrA-54257 | 37,860 +350, −310 | 42,650–41,700 | − | C |
| Q55–4 | Rt tibia diaph. frag. (tibia IV) | − | − | − | Nean | C + N + P + R |
| Q56–1 | Rt femur diaph. frag. (femur I) | GrA-46170 | 38,440 +340, −300 | 43,000–42,080 | 1 | C + N + P |
| Q57–1 | Lt tibia diaph. frag. (tibia II) | GrA-46173 | 41,200 +500, −410 | 45,630–43,910 | 2 | C + N |
| Q57–2 | Rt femur diaph. frag. (femur II) | GrA-54024 | 36,590 +300, −270 | 41,800–40,620 | 2 | C + N + P |
| Q57–3 | Rt tibia diaph. frag. (tibia VI) | GrA-60019 | 38,260 +350, −310 | 42,900–41,960 | 2 | C + N |
| Q119–2 | Lt rib 7? frag. | − | − | − | Nean | − |
| Q305–4 | Lt tibia diaph. frag. (tibia I) | GrA-46176 | 40,690 +480, −400 | 45,150–43,430 | 3 | C + N |
| Q305–7 | Rt tibia diaph. frag. (tibia III) | − | − | − | 1 | C + N + P + R |
| Q374a–1 | Rt tibia diaph. frag. (tibia V) | − | − | − | 1 | C + N + P + R |
| Q376–1 | Hand prox. phalanx 2-4 | GrA-46178 | 39,140 +390, −340 | 43,650–42,440 | − | − |
| Q376–20 | Rt humerus diaph. frag. (humerus II) | GrA-60018 | 37,250 +320, −280 | 42,240–41,290 | − | C + N? |
*This specimen may have been varnished resulting in a young age (Supplementary Note S6). For the calibration of the 14C ages, see Supplementary Note S6. Genetic analyses: 1–3 represent three distinct Neandertal mtDNA lineages, Nean: Neandertal status confirmed; Anthropogenic modifications: C: cutmarks, N: percussion notches, P: percussion pits, R: retoucher traces. All of the specimens are part of the RBINS collections and were excavated by E. Dupont in 1868.