Table 1.
Demographics characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | OAC Exposed | OAC Unexposed | Total | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients (n %) | 7668 (50.68%) | 7461 (49.32%) | 15129 | |
| Mean age, y (SD) | 65.04 (11.82) | 62.54 (14.84) | 63.81 (13.45) | <0.001 |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Age Category, y | <0.001 | |||
| 18–30 | 29 (0.38%) | 146 (1.96%) | 175 (1.16%) | |
| 31–49 | 584 (7.62%) | 1156 (15.49%) | 1740 (11.50%) | |
| 50–64 | 3453 (45.03%) | 3092 (41.44%) | 6545 (43.26%) | |
| 65–74 | 1745 (22.76%) | 1240 (16.62%) | 2985 (19.73%) | |
| 75–84 | 1570 (20.47%) | 1429 (19.15%) | 2999 (19.82%) | |
| ≥85 | 287 (3.74%) | 398 (5.33%) | 685 (4.53%) | |
| Gender | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 4961 (53.16%) | 4372 (46.84%) | 9333 (61.69%) | |
| Female | 2707 (35.30%) | 3089 (41.40%) | 5796 (38.31%) | |
| Geographic Region | <0.001 | |||
| East | 1591 (20.75%) | 1474 (19.76%) | 3065 (20.26%) | |
| Midwest | 2656 (34.64%) | 2454 (32.89%) | 5110 (33.78%) | |
| South | 2301 (30.01%) | 2271 (30.44%) | 4572 (30.22%) | |
| West | 1120 (14.61%) | 1262 (16.91%) | 2382 (15.74%) | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Prior stroke or TIA | 551 (7.19%) | 476 (6.38%) | 1027 (6.79%) | 0.048 |
| Hypertension | 5177 (67.51%) | 4263 (57.14%) | 9440 (62.4%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 1857 (24.22%) | 1265 (16.95%) | 3122 (20.64%) | <0.001 |
| Heart failure | 1506 (19.64%) | 884 (11.85%) | 2390 (15.8%) | <0.001 |
| Anemia | 731(9.53%) | 864 (11.58%) | 1595 (10.54%) | <0.001 |
| History of any bleed | 675 (8.80%) | 732 (9.81%) | 1407 (9.30%) | 0.032 |
| Renal impairment | 493 (6.43%) | 441 (5.91%) | 934 (6.17%) | 0.185 |
| Liver failure | 255 (3.33%) | 258 (3.46%) | 513 (3.39%) | 0.652 |
| Vascular disease | 2377 (31.00%) | 2202 (29.51%) | 4579 (30.27%) | 0.046 |
| Antiplatelet agents | 488 (6.36%) | 403 (5.40%) | 891 (5.89%) | 0.011 |
| NASIDs | 1443 (18.82%) | 1208 (16.19%) | 2651 (17.52%) | <0.001 |
| GI agents | 1532 (19.98%) | 1398 (18.74%) | 2930 (19.37%) | 0.053 |
| Antineoplastic agents | 178 (2.32%) | 135 (1.81%) | 313 (2.07%) | 0.027 |
| Systemic corticosteroids | 1136 (14.81%) | 939 (12.59%) | 2075 (13.72%) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol use | 124 (1.62%) | 119 (1.59%) | 243 (1.61%) | 0.913 |
| Stroke risk scores | ||||
| CHADS2 score | <0.001 | |||
| Low (score = 0) | 1524 (19.87%) | 2426 (32.52%) | 3950 (26.11%) | |
| Medium (score = 1) | 2676 (34.90%) | 2510 (33.64%) | 5186 (34.28%) | |
| High (score ≥ 2) | 3468 (45.23%) | 2525 (33.84%) | 5993 (39.61%) | |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | <0.001 | |||
| Low (score = 0) | 804 (10.49%) | 1269 (17.01%) | 2073 (13.70%) | |
| Medium (score = 1) | 1478 (19.27%) | 1719 (23.04%) | 3197 (21.13%) | |
| High (score ≥ 2) | 5386 (70.24%) | 4473 (59.95%) | 9859 (65.17%) | |
| Bleeding risk scores | ||||
| ATRIA score | 0.002 | |||
| Low (score ≤ 3) | 6590 (85.94%) | 6391 (85.66%) | 12981 (85.80%) | |
| Medium (score = 4) | 596 (6.29%) | 401 (5.37%) | 883 (5.84%) | |
| High (score ≥ 5) | 596 (7.77%) | 669 (8.97%) | 1265 (8.36%) | |
| HAS BLED score | <0.001 | |||
| Low (score = 0) | 1159 (15.11%) | 1731 (23.20%) | 2890 (19.10%) | |
| Medium (score = 1 or 2) | 4944 (64.48%) | 4418 (59.21%) | 9362 (61.88%) | |
| High (score ≥ 3) | 1564 (20.41%) | 1312 (17.58%) | 2877 (19.02%) | |
| Anticoagulant exposure after index date | ||||
| Warfarin | 5886 (76.76%) | - | 5886 (38.91%) | |
| Dabigatran | 756 (9.86%) | - | 756 (5.00%) | |
| Rivaroxaban | 178 (2.32%) | - | 178 (1.18%) | |
| Apixaban | 5 (0.07%) | - | 5 (0.03%) | |
| Antiplatelet agents | 365 (4.76%) | 434 (5.82%) | 799 (5.28%) | |
SD, standard deviation, TIA: transient ischemic attack, NASIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, GI agents: Antacids, proton pump inhibitors, H2 receptor antagonist and other GI protectants, OAC/INR: use of oral anticoagulant or INR test with 90 days after index diagnosis.